>From owner-kabar-irian@irja.org Wed Jan 19 01:12:16 2000 X-Authentication-Warning: irja.org: Host pm18.support.MUW.Edu [209.147.209.39] claimed to be Pdtf X-Sender: admin@irja.org (Unverified) Date: Tue, 18 Jan 2000 08:19:59 -0800 To: kabar-irian@irja.org From: admin Subject: KABAR-IRIAN: [EN]Protests against Freeport's presence in W Papua Sender: owner-kabar-irian@irja.org Reply-To: admin@irja.org www.KABAR-IRIAN.com & www.IRJA.org For KI help or information see the end of this message The Jakarta Post, January 17, 2000 ACROSS THE ARCHIPELAGO Residents protest against Freeport JAYAPURA, Irian Jaya: A group of 31 Irianese claiming to represent residents of Mimika regency lodged a fresh demand on Saturday for the closure of gold and cooper mining company PT Freeport Indonesia for human rights abuses resulting from its operations. Led by Isak Ondowane and Mama Yosepha Alomang, the group said many of the indigenous residents had fallen victim to killings, torture, intimidation and rape since the company began exploitation in the regency in early 1970s. "There are many cases of the human rights violations left unreported and unsettled. Many people do not know of the abuse we have been suffering," Isak said. The group channeled their demand to the provincial legislature and the deputy governor. "We have come to the conclusion that as long as the company continues its exploitation, more Papuans will fall prey to rights abuses," Isak said. During his year-end visit here, President Abdurrahman Wahid agreed to change the name Irian Jaya to Papua. (eba/04) +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ TAPOL, the Indonesia Human Rights Campaign 111 Northwood Road, Thornton Heath, Surrey CR7 8HW, UK Phone: 0181 771-2904 Fax: 0181 653-0322 email: tapol@gn.apc.org Internet: www.gn.apc.org/tapol Campaigning to expose human rights violations in Indonesia, East Timor, West Papua and Aceh 26 years - and still going strong ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ KABAR IRIAN ("Irian News") NOTE: "IRJA.org Inc., the moderator/s and subscribers do not neccessarily hold to or support the opinions and views expressed in these postings. They are posted for their news/interest content. " To unsubscribe send the message "unsubscribe Kabar-irian" (minus the "parenthesis") to majordomo@irja.org You can also un/subscribe at http://www.irja.org/conf.htm via a user friendly form. Need more help or information? mailto:x@irja.org (autoreply) or mailto:admin@irja.org >From owner-kabar-irian@irja.org Wed Jan 19 01:12:30 2000 X-Authentication-Warning: irja.org: Host pm18.support.MUW.Edu [209.147.209.39] claimed to be Pdtf X-Sender: admin@irja.org (Unverified) Date: Tue, 18 Jan 2000 08:20:09 -0800 To: kabar-irian@irja.org From: admin Subject: KABAR-IRIAN: [EN]TNI Accuses Foreigners of Assisting W. Papua Rebels Sender: owner-kabar-irian@irja.org Reply-To: admin@irja.org www.KABAR-IRIAN.com & www.IRJA.org For KI help or information see the end of this message Received from Joyo Indonesian News Indonesian Observer January 18, 2000 TNI accuses foreigners of assisting rebels JAKARTA (IO) — The National Defense Forces (TNI) yesterday accused a foreign non-governmental organization of assisting a separatist movement in the country’s most eastern province of Irian Jaya. TNI Chief of Staff for Territorial Affairs, Lieutenant General Agus Widjojo, said the military has received information that an overseas NGO has given support to activists of the rebel Free West Papua Movement. He declined to name the NGO. Speaking to reporters in Jakarta, he said the TNI has learned that that separatist West Papua elements were still making efforts to garner international support for their cause. Their efforts had begun to succeed as evident, among other things, from the fact that a number of the movement’s activists were able to attend a human rights seminar in Switzerland with financial support from the World Council of Churches, he said. "They [Irianese separatist activists] receive financial support and accommodations," Widjojo said. The Free West Papua has been campaigning for secession of Irian Jaya from Indonesia. President Abdurrahman Wahid visited the province on January 1, and agreed on demands by some local rebel leaders to change the name of Irian Jaya into Papua. Sit-in protest paralyzes airport Meanwhile in the province’s capital of Jayapura, some 100 persons staged a sit-in protest at the Sentani airport yesterday, paralyzing the air traffic of the airport. Antara reported that hundreds of people launched the sit-in to demand proper compensation for their land, which has been used for the development of the airport. As a result of the sit-in, flights to and from the airport had been cancelled for some time. A Boeing-737 operated by Merpati Nusantara Airlines, flying from Merauke, had to skip Sentani and flew directly to Timika. Head of Merpati’s office in Sentani Achmad Irwan was quoted as saying the Boeing aircraft had to skip Sentani in order to prevent any untoward development. As a consequence, 55 passengers could not board the plane in Sentani to take them to their destinations in Timika, Makassar and Jakarta. In addition, Irwan pointed out, Merpati also cancelled the flight of its F-27 aircraft to Wamena, the capital of Jayawijaya district, to take 26 passengers. Irwan said, the situation had finally become calm, but Merpati was still awaiting further instructions from Jakarta to anticipate any eventuality. "[For one thing] it’s quite risky to park any aircraft in Sentani airport now," he said. +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ TAPOL, the Indonesia Human Rights Campaign 111 Northwood Road, Thornton Heath, Surrey CR7 8HW, UK Phone: 0181 771-2904 Fax: 0181 653-0322 email: tapol@gn.apc.org Internet: www.gn.apc.org/tapol Campaigning to expose human rights violations in Indonesia, East Timor, West Papua and Aceh 26 years - and still going strong ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ KABAR IRIAN ("Irian News") NOTE: "IRJA.org Inc., the moderator/s and subscribers do not neccessarily hold to or support the opinions and views expressed in these postings. They are posted for their news/interest content. " To unsubscribe send the message "unsubscribe Kabar-irian" (minus the "parenthesis") to majordomo@irja.org You can also un/subscribe at http://www.irja.org/conf.htm via a user friendly form. Need more help or information? mailto:x@irja.org (autoreply) or mailto:admin@irja.org To: Kabar-irian-irja.org From: Admin Subject: [EN-social] Locals demand land compensation Cc: Bcc: X-Attachments: Locals demand land compensation JAYAPURA, Irian Jaya: Some 50 residents of the villages of Yahim, Ifale and Yobe in Sentani district held a rally at Sentani Airport, demanding compensation for use of their ancestral land. The rally caused some flight delays. Fredrik Fele, the community leader of Yahim, told reporters that the government had used 1,200 square meters of their ancestral land for years without paying rent. "We have demanded compensation several times, but there has been no satisfying response," Fele said. "The rally was meant to urge the Ministry of Transportation to quickly answer to our demand." Head of the airport, Luther Woppy, told The Jakarta Post that his office had told the ministry about the demand and was now waiting for a reply. Woppy said the Indonesian government took over the area from the Dutch government shortly after Irian Jaya became an Indonesian province in 1963. The government built the airport on the disputed land, he added. (eba/01) To: kabar-irian@irja.org From: Admin Subject: [ID] Laporan dari: Sem Karoba, Utusan Aliansi Mahasiswa Papua untuk Eropa Cc: Bcc: X-Attachments: >From: Ottis Simopiaref > > >Laporan dari: >Sem Karoba, Utusan Aliansi Mahasiswa Papua untuk Eropa > >Sekarang pukul 04:24am (GMT) (pagi) > >Sekitar 150 mahasiswa dari Aliansi Mahasiswa Papua seJawa-Bali mendatangi= > >Kedubes Belanda di Jakarta. Sementara menlu Belanda dijamu Gus Dur mahas= >iswa >Papua menyerahkan dua buku dokumen tentang skandal hukum dan >politik Indonesia, Belanda, USA dan PBB dalam penyerahan West Papua kepad= >a >Indonesia. > >Mahasiswa pulang setelah menyerahkan dokumen dengan tuntutan: BELANDA >BERTANGGUNGJAWAB ATAS SKANDAL PENYERAHAN TAK SAH PAPUA KEPADA INDONESIA. >Bendera Bintang Kejora berukuran 150X50 dikibarkan di sekeliling mahasisw= >a. >Mereka menyatakan, "Ini lambang kebanggaan kami!" > >Demikian sekilas info. > >Keep up your fight! >You have got your power! > >****************************** >OTTIS SIMOPIAREF >Van Uvenweg 134-I >6707 BH Wageningen >The Netherlands >Ph.: +31.6.25575496 >Email: osimopiaref@netscape.net >FREE West Papua from the Indonesian Colonialism >****************************** > > >____________________________________________________________________ >Get your own FREE, personal Netscape WebMail account today at http://webm= >ail.netscape.com. > > > >To: Kabar-irian-irja.org From: Admin Subject: Thanks Cc: Bcc: X-Attachments: >From: sangle >Subject: Thanks > >Dear Kabar Irian, >Terima kasih atas berita-beritanya. Saya juga minta bantuan informasi >tentang teman saya Koord.World Vision Irian Jaya, a.n. Ir. Saptono, yang >oleh Harian Cenderawasih Pos pada edisi 1 Des.99 dinyatakan hilang. Saya >belum kontak lagi dengan istrinya di Wamena. Terima kasih. >Mkw. > > > >>From owner-kabar-irian@irja.org Wed Jan 19 10:52:23 2000 Date: Wed, 19 Jan 2000 10:52:23 +0900 (JAYT) from: admin@irja.org Subject: KABAR-IRIAN: [ID]Soal Irja Menjadi Papua, Pemerintah Menunggu Surat DPRD Sender: owner-kabar-irian@irja.org Precedence: bulk Reply-To: admin@irja.org www.KABAR-IRIAN.com & www.IRJA.org For KI help or information see the end of this message http://www.suarapembaruan.com/News/2000/01/18/index.html Soal Irja Menjadi Papua, Pemerintah Menunggu Surat DPRD Jakarta, 18 Januari Menteri dalam Negeri (Mendagri) Surjadi Soedirja mengatakan, pemerintah pusat sedang menunggu surat dari DPRD Irian Jaya mengenai perubahan nama provinsi itu menjadi Papua. Meskipun perubahannya telah dilaksanakan sejak 1 Januari lalu, namun prosedur hukumnya harus tetap dilakukan. Hal itu diungkapkan Mendagri Surjadi Soedirja kepada Pembaruan seusai berkonsultasi dengan pimpinan DPR di Jakarta Senin (17/1) siang. Disebutkan, perubahan nama Irja menjadi Papua itu tetap harus menempuh jalur hukum, yakni lebih dulu diproses di DPRD setempat. Setelah itu, DPRD menyampaikan ke pemerintah pusat yang selanjutnya diajukan ke DPR RI untuk mendapatkan persetujuan. ''Perubahan nama itu tetap tidak boleh melanggar UU, sehingga mekanismenya tetap dilakukan seperti biasa walaupun hanya tinggal formalitas,'' kata Mendagri. Sementara itu, Ketua Komisi II DPR RI Amin Aryoso secara terpisah mengatakan, DPR akan mengakomodir aspirasi perubahan nama Irian menjadi Papua itu. Kalau nanti pemerintah menyampaikan usulan secara resmi nama itu ke DPR, pasti akan direspons dengan positif oleh DPR. Sedangkan Ketua Fraksi Partai Demokrasi Kasih Bangsa (FPDKB) Prof Dr Manase Malo mengatakan, sambil menunggu proses tersebut, rakyat Papua diharapkan tetap tenang dan tidak terpancing dengan isu-isu. Di sisi lain pemerintah pusat juga harus menindaklanjuti nuansa dari perubahan nama itu, sehingga lebih mendekatkan suku Papua dengan bangsa Indonesia. (131/D-9) KABAR IRIAN ("Irian News") NOTE: "IRJA.org Inc., the moderator/s and subscribers do not neccessarily hold to or support the opinions and views expressed in these postings. They are posted for their news/interest content. " To unsubscribe send the message "unsubscribe Kabar-irian" (minus the "parenthesis") to majordomo@irja.org You can also un/subscribe at http://www.irja.org/conf.htm via a user friendly form. Need more help or information? mailto:x@irja.org (autoreply) or mailto:admin@irja.org To: Kabar-irian-irja.org From: Admin Subject: [EN] Soeharto forces 'building militias' in Irian Cc: Bcc: X-Attachments: Sydney Morning Herald Friday, January 21, 2000 Soeharto forces 'building militias' By Andrew Kilvert in Darwin Military authorities and political enforcers associated with the former Soeharto regime appear to be building up East Timor-style militias in the contested province of West Papua, human rights activists warned yesterday. The claim follows clashes in the north coast town of Serui on Wednesday when pro-Jakarta elements clashed with pro-independence supporters. An Australian-based West Papuan academic, Mr John Ondowame, has accused former Soeharto-regime activist Mr Yurris Raweyai of engineering the formation of pro-Jakarta militias in West Papua - as Irian Jaya has been renamed since a visit by President Abdurrahman Wahid over the New Year. Mr Yurris, an indigenous Papuan, is infamous in Indonesian politics for his prominent role in the ousting of Ms Megawati Sukarnoputri, now Indonesia's vice-president, as the head of the Indonesian Democracy party in 1996. "Yurris is forming militias," Mr Ondawame said. "It is very dangerous, the Yurris rallies are protected by TNI [the Indonesian armed forces] but at the independence rallies the people are shot." In the provincial capital Jayapura, Mr Yurris has organised the formation of the "West Papuan Army" in coalition with the moderate pro-independence leader Theys Eluay. He is believed to have brought in many members of the Pemuda Pancasila movement - a youth group ostensibly formed to promote the state ideology Pancasila under the Soeharto government - which was often employed as to break up and intimidate opposition activity. Pemuda Pancasila members were also prominent in the militias in East Timor, which slaughtered hundreds of people and deported nearly half the population after the territory's pro-independence vote on August 30 last year. Mr Eluay's motives in associating himself with Mr Yurris are not clear, but some local activists suspect it is a tactical move to gain access to Mr Yurris' funds, which come from the Indonesian military and TNI-associated business interests. Mr John Rumbiak from the West Papua human rights organisation ELSHAM said: "He just wants the money from the military and their businesses. It is very complex but Theys is still supporting independence." Since Mr Soeharto's resignation in May 1998, West Papua has seen a growing popular movement for independence, expressed in ceremonial raising of the nationalist flag and other protests in many of its widely-scattered towns. Mr Eluay himself is one of a number of independence activists charged with sedition for raising the rebel flag, and his trial is due to start on February 2. The trial of two others, Don Flassy and Samuel Yaru, began on Tuesday, with the charges carrying a maximum 15 years' jail. On Tuesday, about 100 people closed the airport at Sentani, just outside Jayapura, by sitting on the runway, in a protest demanding proper compensation for land seized for the airport 30 years ago, the Indonesian Observer newspaper reported. Meanwhile the international community is starting to review the much criticised "act of free choice" in 1969, whereby 1,025 representatives selected by Indonesia voted for the former Dutch colony to become part of Indonesia. The Netherlands Parliament is conducting an inquiry into the 1969 consultation. Some of the surviving representatives argued that they voted under duress and that the results did not reflect popular sentiment. The vote has never been ratified by the United Nations. ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ To: Kabar-irian-irja.org From: Admin Subject: [EN] An Irian tribe loyal to RI Cc: Bcc: X-Attachments: The Jakarta Post.com Across the Archipelago January 21, 2000 Irian tribe loyal to RI JAYAPURA, Irian Jaya: Amid the cries for independence that have prevailed in this province, the Malamoi tribe in Sorong regency have pledged their loyalty to the Republic of Indonesia. Yulius Klagison, the head of the Malamoi tribe's consultative body, said early this week demands for independence were voiced by those with vested interests. "Do not provoke the poor with independence demands. The campaign is just fought by people who are pursuing their own goals," he said. "The Malamoi people will not follow suit, but maintain unity with the Republic of Indonesia instead," Klagison said. He said the tribe, who are the inheritors the land where Sorong is located, welcomed the arrival of non-Papuans. Malamoi people live in 10 out of 15 districts in the regency. Kalgison said representatives of Bugis (Makassar), Java, Batak, Maluku and Toraja ethnic groups will be invited to a planned cross-cultural meeting. However, the date for the event has not been finalized. (eba) To: Kabar-irian-irja.org From: Admin Subject: [EN] Smuggled guns found in Irian Cc: Bcc: X-Attachments: Indonesian Observer January 20, 2000 Smuggled guns found in Irian JAKARTA (IO) - Security forces in the easternmost province of Irian Jaya have found and confiscated about 100 assembled weapons in the districts of Sorong and Nabire, says a member of parliament. Legislator Simon Patrice Morin, who is from Irian Jaya, yesterday said the onus is now on the government to find out who brought the weapons to the province, which is known locally as West Papua. "We hope the government will launch an investigation into the smuggling and make it open to the public. I'm afraid there are irresponsible people who want to provoke riots in that peaceful area," Morin told the Observer at parliament in Jakarta. He said that even though there have been increasing calls for independence in West Papua, the situation in the province is relatively stable because locals have agreed to maintain peace and order. Morin did not specify the types of weapons found in West Papua, but said devices for assembling them had also been discovered. "We hope the government will soon disclose the case. If the government doesn't disclose it and something terrible takes place, we will be too late. We are always too late in these sorts of cases," he added. Human rights abuses Commenting on the growing calls for independence, Morin said at least two crucial problems must be resolved if the government is to have any chance of mollifying the natives of West Papua. First, he said, the historical basis of Indonesia's claim over West Papua must be re-examined; and second, human rights abuses that took place in the territory must be investigated. Morin said the human rights abuses in West Papua were a logical consequence of Indonesia's claim over the territory. He praised the recent decision of President Abdurrahman Wahid to allow Irian Jaya to call itself Papua, as the previous regimes took harsh action against those who used the term. "Security forces used this restriction as an excuse to launch human rights abuses." Morin said the government should accommodate the aspirations of all Papuans by holding more talks with people from the territory. He said there is friction between the government and the people of Papua because each side sees things from a different perspective. To: kabar-irian@irja.org From: Admin Subject: [ID] THEYS : JANGAN KOTORI ..... Cc: Bcc: X-Attachments: Rakyat Merdeka, Minggu, 16-1-2000 = Ketua LMA : Jangan Kotori Perjuangan Ketua Umum Lembaga Musyawarah Adat (LMA) Irian Jaya Theys Hiyo Eluay, yan= g selalu menyebut dirinya Pemimpin Papua Barat, menyerukan kepada rakyat Pa= pua maupun aparat keamanan agar sama-sama menahan diri. Theys Eluay mengeluarkan seruan itu di Jayapura, dua hari lalu menjelang persiapan pelaksanaan sidang tuduhan makar terhadap dirinya bersama lima = orang tokoh lainnya. Dia dan lima tersangka lainnya akan diadili di Pengadilan Negeri Jayapura, 18 Januari mendatang. = Theys juga mengimbau masyarakat Irja untuk agar tidak berbondong-bondong menghadiri jalannya sidang tuduhan makar memperjuangkan kemerdekaan Papua= Barat. "Masyarakat yang mau datang, silakan. Mau tinggal di rumah pun, silahkan. Masyarakat yang datang di Pengadilan tidak dibenarkan membuat keonaran, k= arena hanya akan mengotori perjuangan Papua Barat yang sopan santun, penuh kasi= h dan cinta damai," lanjutnya. = Theys Eluay bersama lima orang rekannya dituduh sebagai otak dibalik aksi= pengibaran bendera "Bintang Kejora" dua tahun lalu. Pengibaran bendera it= u dilakukan di lima kota, yakni Jayapura, Sorong, Manokwari, Biak dan Wamen= a, Kabupaten Jayawijaya. Selain Theys, lima tokoh Papua lainnya dijerat pasal 106, 107 dan 110 KUH= P dengan tuduhan makar. Mereka adalah Don A Flassy, Laurentz Mehue, Sem Yar= u, Agustinus Ansanay, dan Barnabas Yufuway. Proses penyelidikan dan penyidikan perkara ini sudah berjalan dua tahun k= arena berkas perkaranya selalu dikembalikan dari Polda ke Kejaksaan dan sebalik= nya. Diharapkan kasus itu bisa disidangkan pada 18 Januari mendatang di Pengad= ilan Negeri Jayapura. Theys menyatakan siap maju ke meja hijau untuk membuktikan ketidak benara= n tuduhan makar itu. "Saya mau meluruskan sejarah tanah Papua Barat ke Indo= nesia sejak 1 Mei 1963," katanya sembari menghimbau semua pihak untuk menahan d= iri. = Bekas anggota DPRD TK I Irja selama 15 tahun itu mengatakan, karena penti= ngnya sidang tuduhan makar itu, maka dia membatalkan acara seminar Mencari Akar= Permasalahan Gejolak yang terjadi di Papua (Irja), Maluku, Aceh dan beber= apa daerah lainnya di tanah air. Theys diminta menjadi pembicara pada seminar= yang berlangsung di Kupang 18-19 Januari mendatang. "Saya memilih sidang lebih= penting ketimbang seminar nasional di Kupang. Karena sidang ini menjadi peletak dasar membela kebenaran dan keadilan, "katanya. = Para tersangka makar ini akan didampingi 31 orang ahli hukum yang tergabu= ng dalam Tim Advokasi HAM Irja Untuk Irja. Mereka berasal dari Yayasan Lemba= ga Bantuan Hukum Indonesia (YLBHI), Ikatan Advokasi Indonesia (IAI), Kontras= , Lembaga Bantuan Hukum (LBH) Jayapura, Lembaga Studi dan Advokasi HAM (ELS= -HAM) Irja dan para pengacara perorangan di Irja. *** = Dari: BRLT, Jakarta ****************************** OTTIS SIMOPIAREF Van Uvenweg 134-I 6707 BH Wageningen The Netherlands Ph.: +31.6.25575496 Email: osimopiaref@netscape.net FREE West Papua from the Indonesian Colonialism ****************************** ____________________________________________________________________ Get your own FREE, personal Netscape WebMail account today at http://webm= ail.netscape.com. To: kabar-irian@irja.org From: Admin Subject: [ID]Radio Australia: Bendera Papua Barat di Sorong Cc: Bcc: X-Attachments: RIBUAN ORANG MENGHADIRI PENAIKAN BENDERA OPM Wednesday 19 January, 2000 (8:48am AEDT) Sekitar 3-ribu orang dikabarkan menghadiri upacara penaikan bendera gerak= an separatis di Irian Jaya. Kelompok Lembaga Pengkajian dan Advokasi bagi Hak Asasi Manusia mengataka= n, upacara tersebut dilangsungkan di luar kediaman aktifis kemerdekaan Papua= , Alex Duith, di kawasan Taminabuan, Sorong. Dikatakan, bendera Bintang Kejora itu dinaikkan bersebelahan dengan bende= ra Merah Putih. Alex Duith mengatakan, kedua bendera tersebut akan berkibar secara bersam= a hingga bulan April mendatang. Kantor berita AFP melaporkan, menurut polisi, mereka tidak tahu menahu mengenai upacara tersebut dan niscaya tidak akan memberikan izin, sekiran= ya diterima permintaan untuk itu. Para aktifis lokal maupun internasional telah menuding TNI melakukan pelanggaran-pelanggaran di Irian Jaya dengan dalih operasi untuk menertib= kan OPM. <<>> ****************************** OTTIS SIMOPIAREF Van Uvenweg 134-I 6707 BH Wageningen The Netherlands Ph.: +31.6.25575496 Email: osimopiaref@netscape.net FREE West Papua from the Indonesian Colonialism ****************************** ____________________________________________________________________ Get your own FREE, personal Netscape WebMail account today at http://webm= ail.netscape.com. To: kabar-irian@irja.org From: Admin Subject: [EN] Founding of new University in Irian Cc: Bcc: X-Attachments: I just attended the faculty meeting tonight (January 20) which we discussed the preparation of the development of Agriculture Faculty of Cenderawasih in Manokwari to be an independent university. We have also decide to give a name for this new university as Universitas Papua or the University of Papua in Manokwari. To: kabar-irian@irja.org From: Admin Subject: [ID]Opsi Papua Merdeka Cc: Bcc: X-Attachments: Berita Buana, Jumat, 10-12-1999 Mei 2000 Kasus Irian tak Tuntas, Opsi Merdeka Dilepas Tuntutan masyarakat Irian Jaya agar pemerintah membuka dialog makin membesar, terutama setelah dikibarkanya bendera Bintang Kejora. Bahkan mereka memberikan batas waktu digelarnya dialog hingga 1 Mei 2000. Apabila sampai waktu yang ditentukan belum ada keinginan baik pemerintah menyelesaikan kasus Irian Jaya, mereka akan mengajukan tuntutan yang cukup merepotkan, yakni minta merdeka. "Saat ini kami hanya minta duduk di kursi bersama-sama pemerintah, lalu berdialog dalam satu meja. ArialEntah opsi apa yang akan dikeluarkan buat Irian, baik itu federal atau otonomi seluas-luasnya, yang penting kita adakan dialog dulu," ujar Isac Deda, mahasiswa Irian yang tergabung dalam Arial Front Mahasiswa Pembebasan Melanesia Barat (FMPMB), Kamis (9/12). Isac menambahkan bahwa masyarakat Irian Jaya merupakan korban dari sistem dan sejarah masa lalu yang ditiupkan presiden pertama, Sukarno lewat keputusan Trikora. "Satu di antara bunyi Trikora adalah "Hapuskan Negara Papua Merdeka". Di situ jelas menegaskan bahwa negara Papua itu pernah ada, sehingga kalau saat ini kami menanyakan posisi kami it kan wajar, "tegasnya. Sebagian mahasiswa dan masyarakat Bumi Cenderawasih itu memang menanyakan tentang peristiwa peng-aneksasian Irian ke pangkuan Republik sejak 1961 silam. Selain itu, sebuah penandatanganan "New York Agreement" pasal XX tentang Penentuan Pendapat Rakyat (Pepera) yang diselenggarakan tahun 1969 tentang One Man One Vote, ternyata diubah menjadi One Delegation One Vote. Akibatnya, dari 800.000 penduduk Papua diwajikili 1.026 dan hanya 200 orang yang memberikan suara, yang hasil akhirnya adalah ikut bergabung dengan RI. "Ini masih kami pertanyakan karena mekanisme one delegation one vote berada di bawah tekanan sehingga mereka terpaksa memilih bergabung, " ujar Yahuda Bisay, mahasiswa Irian dari UGM, Yogyakarta. Hal yang sama ditegaskan tokoh Irian Hengky Yoku. Katanya, sampai saat ini masyarakat Irian masih menantikan ketegasan pemerintah untuk merealisasikan dialog nasional seperti yang pernah dilakukan Februari 1999 silam. "Kami memang menginginkan kelanjutan dialog karena sebelumnya kami menginginkan adanya TAP di MPR mengenai status Irian Jaya. Buktinya, tidak ada satu pun TAP yang membicarakan tentang Irian Jaya, "tegas Hengky. Kembalikan Kedaulatan Dalam waktu dekat ini Tim 100 sebagai perwakilan masyarakat Irian Jaya serta 20 anggota DPRD Tk I Irian akan datang ke Jakarta. "Mereka akan menyampaikan aspirasi yang berkembang akhir-akhir ini dan itu yang akan menjadi wacana dialog tersebut. Kami jelas berharap bahwa dialog itu terbangun secara dinamis dan sikap transparan dari pemerintah dalam menyikapi perkembangan di Irian, "tambah Hengky. Cendekiawan Irian itu juga menambahkan bahwa beberapa poin yang jelas akan dilontarkan oleh tim 100 tersebut adalah agar pemerintah Indonesia mengembalikan kedaulatan kemerdekaan yang sebenarnya telah dimiliki masyarakat Papua tersebut. "Itu sudah tidak bisa ditawar lagi karena bagaimanapun juga Indonesia telah menjajah Papua dan akibatnya lebih buruk daripada dijajah Jepang atau Belanda. Kalau persoalan HAM itu kan hanya sebagai akibat saja, "tegasnya. Permintaan merdeka tersebut, karena adanya ketidakpuasan masyarakat Irian sejak jaman Orde Lama dan Orde Baru, masyarakat Irian selalu dikesampingkan seolah-olah Irian merupakan provinsi terbelakang. "36 tahun kami mempertanyakan diri sendiri, bahkan komandan Mandala waktu itu mantan presiden Soeharto mengakui bahwa pemerintah telah melakukan aneksasi lewat militer dan sebagai protec Asia tenggara dari komunis. Ini yang kami tuntut agar pemerintah transparan menjelaskan sejarah buram itu, " tambah Hengky. *** To: kabar-irian@irja.org From: Admin Subject: [EN] SORONG: West Papuans raise flag in Sorong Cc: Bcc: X-Attachments: from: ottismanswam@netscape.net Straits Times Jan 19 2000 = Separatists raise flag = In Papua JAKARTA -- An estimated 3,000 people attended a separatist flag-raising r= ally yesterday in Indonesia's remote Papua province, formerly known as Irian J= aya, a rights group said. = The ceremony was held outside the home of independence activist Alex Duit= h in the Taminabuan area of Sorong district, the Institute for Human Rights St= udy = and Advocacy (Ihrstad) said in a statement. = The "Morning Star" flag was hoisted side by side with the Indonesian stan= dard at 10 am, the group said. = Ihrstad said the group had permission from the local authorities, but pol= ice = said they knew nothing of the ceremony and would not have given permissio= n if they had known. -- AFP ****************************** OTTIS SIMOPIAREF Van Uvenweg 134-I 6707 BH Wageningen The Netherlands Ph.: +31.6.25575496 Email: osimopiaref@netscape.net FREE West Papua from the Indonesian Colonialism ****************************** ____________________________________________________________________ Get your own FREE, personal Netscape WebMail account today at http://webm= ail.netscape.com. To: kabar-irian@irja.org From: Admin Subject: [EN-social] Grasberg mine transforms Irian Jaya Cc: Bcc: X-Attachments: The Daily News Report - January 18, 2000 Northern Miner -- December 19, 1999 By Rob Robertson FCX Grasberg mine transforms Irian Jaya Freeport subsidiary contributes to local development VANCOUVER -There is no denying the impact the Grasberg operations have on= the East Indonesian province of Irian Jaya. Operated by Freeport-McMoRan Copper & Gold (FCX-N) through its 85.87% ownership of RT. Freeport Indone= sia (PT-FI), Grasberg is one of the largest mining complexes in the world wit= h a daily mill throughput of 220,000 tonnes. It was also Indonesia's first copper mining project, and represented the first major foreign investment= in Indonesia following an economic development program instituted in 1967. Grasberg sits amidst the glacier-capped mountains some 70 miles inland fr= om the Arafura Sea. In the late 1960s when Freeport first arrived, fewer tha= n 1,000 Amungme and Kamoro and indigenous people lived in and around the project area. The Amungme were living in three highland villages, whereas= the Kamoro were scattered along the coast. With the discovery of the gian= t Grasberg deposit in 1988 and the rapid operational expansion that followe= d, the population spiraled upwards. Today some 70,000 five in the surroundin= g areas of Timika and Tembagapura; among them are migrants from other indigenous Irianese tribes drawn by the area's economic prosperity, as we= ll as more than 20,000 transmigrants relocated from other islands under a central government-sponsored program. This has created an, at times, volatile mixture of Irianese indigenous people, who have their own histor= y of interethnic hostility, and Indonesians from other islands, who have completely different ethnic and cultural backgrounds. Throw in a large military presence, and the area is a veritable powder keg. Social unrest near the mine resulted in a well-publicized uprising in Mar= ch 1996, which was quelled by the military in a manner that drew outrage fro= m human rights activists. At the same time, Freeport was criticized for not= having done enough to forge positive relations with local communities. There have been at least five investigations of human rights violations i= n Irian Jaya, though no PT FI employee was ever found to be in violation. Freeport has publicly condemned all human rights violations in the provin= ce. Freeport has invested in social, cultural and community development progr= ams designed to address the impact of its mining operations on local villages= and tribes, as well as provided assistance for local development. A independent review of Freeport's social and community development programs, carried out by LABAT-Anderson in 1996, recognized positive and negative effects which mining was having on the indigenous people. While = the audit lauded PT-FI for going beyond the usual role and responsibilities o= f a private company, it concluded that, in the past, the subsidiary had often= placed undue emphasis on creating and implementing programs, as opposed t= o responding to the needs of the local community. One of the report's key recommendations was that the government of Indonesia take the lead in the= ongoing development of the Timika area, with support from PT-FI. In April 1996, PT-FI initiated The Freeport Fund for Irian Jaya Developme= nt (FFIJD) and agreed to commit 1% of its gross revenues for the next 10 yea= rs to support village-based health, education, economic and social developme= nt programs in areas of its operations. The company had spent US$100 million= on similar programs in the previous seven years. However, at the recommendation of the independent audit and at the urging= of local and church leaders, the disbursement of funds from the FFIJD progra= m was suspended in August 1997 after it was determined that inappropriate funding decisions and expenditures had been made. Funding continued for essential ongoing programs, such as malaria control, public health, job training, educational programs, scholarships and small business developme= nt for the Irianese. In co-ordination with the government and local people, PT-FI has built outpatient clinics and sponsored community health education programs aime= d at AIDS awareness, sanitation, nutrition and malaria control. Ali extensi= ve malaria control program in the lowlands has reduced the disease there dramatically, failing from 801% in some communities in the early 1990s to= less than 10% today. FFIJD was restructured in the latter part of 1998 into a new umbrella organization called the Lembaga Pengembangan MasyarakatIrian Jaya (LPM-IRJA). Its board of directors includes the head of the local government, leaders of the Amlingme, Kamoro and three local churches, plu= s a representative of PT-FI. The LPM-IRJA board of directors has approved a 1999/2(M operational plan = and has selected foundations to implement the funded projects. The operationa= l plan provides some type of assistance for all 71 villages in the Mimika district, with the greatest support going to the 29 villages defined by t= he Amungme and Kamoro as the most affected by PTTI's operations. One example of such assistance is the construction of the Mimika primary care hospital, 10 km west of Timika. "Me hospital is being built at a cos= t of US$3.5 million and, for the first time, will bring medical services to= the lowlands portion of PTFl's project area. In the past, many of these services were provided at the Freeport-AEA hospital in Tembagapura, a 90-minute drive up the rugged mountain road. The Mimika hospital is the first major community project sponsored by the LPMIRJA and will set the precedent for future allocation offunds.The opcralor will be Yayasan Cari= tas Timika, a health care foundation directed by the Roman Catholic Church. At the end of 1998, PT-FI had 14,000 direct and contract employees. Approximately 20% of the workers are Irianese. Freeport is committed to expanding the number of' local Irianese in its workforce, as well as at supervisory and managerial levels. PT-FI has worked with local government= s and citizens in building a network of schools, education and job-training= opportunities for the local highland and lowland people. Indonesia is all expansive and diverse nation consisting of more than 16,= 000 islands stretching across 3,400 miles of water, from the Indian Ocean to = the Pacific Ocean. It is home to 210 million people. The country's geographic= size and topography have contributed to the development of hundreds of different ethnic groups and languages. The country endured a half-century of military dictatorship, which ended only in May 1998 with the resignation of President Suharto in the wake of= an economic crisis and in the face of growing social unrest. Vice President B.J. Habibie succeeded Suharto and, in June 1999, Indonesia conducted parliamentary elections at the national, provincial and local levels as t= he first step towards electing a new president. In October, the country's highest political body, composed of the newly elected national parliament= , along with additional provincial and other representatives, elected Wahid= as president and Megawati Sukarnoputri as vice-president. Indonesia continues to face economic and political uncertainties as demonstrated by recent outbreaks of violence in the province of East Timo= r following a pro-independence vote. Separatists in the resource-rich provi= nce of Aceh are currently calling for a referendum on independence. Vancouver Sun reporter Jonathan Manthorpe writes: "At the heart of Acehne= se discontent are decades of repression by the central government and army dominated by Javanese from Indonesia's central island, home of the capita= l, Jakarta. Thousands of Acehnese have been killed by troops, and revenues f= rom the province's natural resources go straight into Jakarta's coffers.... Acehnese insistence on a referendum with an inevitable proindependence outcome throws the whole future of Indonesia into question. Separatist movements are bubbling in other regions like Irian Jaya, Sulawesi, Riau, = and East Kalimantan, which could be brought to the boil by a spark from Aceh.= " In the past five years, PT-FI has consistently been one of the largest taxpayers in Indonesia. Since 1992, the subsidiary has paid the central Indonesian government in Jakarta US$1.25 billion in corporate taxes, mine= ral royalties and dividends. The central government also owns a direct 9.36% interest in PT-Fl. Indonesia has realized another US$5.9 billion indirectly in the form of wages and benefits paid to workers, purchases of goods and services, charitable contributions and reinvestments in operations. At the beginning of the year, PT-FI volunteered to pay additional royalti= es on its expanded production above 200,000 tonnes per day. These additional= royalties would be double the amount specified for copper in the 1991 Contract of Work (CoW) and triple the amount specified for gold and silve= r. The central government is required to return most of the royalties to the= provinces horn which the minerals were extracted. Freeport says it volunteered the additional royalties to provide further support to the lo= cal governments and the people of Irian Jaya. During the first nine months of 1999, the royalties totaled US$16,2 milli= on, compared with US$11.1 million in the corresponding period a year ago. Irian Jaya is the western half of the island of New Guinea. In the early 1960s, Indonesia, under the rule of then-president Achmed Sukarno, laid claim to West Papua (Netherlands New Guinea) on the basis of former colon= ial boundaries. Indonesia embarked on a military campaign against the Dutch, sending paratroopers inland and engaging in naval activities off the coas= t. In the latter part of 1962, the Dutch were persuaded to hand the territor= y over to the United Nations, which, in turn, transferred it to Indonesia i= n 1963. An "act of free choice" took place in 1969 to allow Papuans the cho= ice to remain in Indonesia. The Indonesian government selected 1,022 people t= o represent the wishes of 809,000. The vote to remain under Indonesian rule= was unanimous. After a failed communist coup in 1965, General Suharto rose to power and began courting foreign investment. In April 1967, Freeport was granted th= e first CoW under the new foreign investment law. Terms of PT-FI's CoWs wer= e renegotiated in 1991, providing for a 30-year term and two 10-year extensions. The CoWs govern PT-FI's fights and obligations relating to taxes, exchange controls, repatriation and other matters. Specifically, t= he CoWs provide that the Indonesian government will not nationalize or expropriate PT-FI's mining operations. Any disputes regarding the provisi= ons of the CoWs are subject to international arbitration. Indonesian law also provides for giving "recognition" in the form of community benefits to indigenous people for the use of their land. In 197= 4, PT-FI reached a land-rights agreement with the Amungme, recognizing the temporary use of their traditional land. By 1997, mine expansion and construction of the Ajkwa tailings deposition area had affected the lowla= nds area and some stands of sajo palm, as well as some access to traditional fishing grounds. A land-rights agreement was negotiated with several Kamo= ro tribal communities near the affected area. The agreement was reached with= the help of the Sejati Foundation, a noted non-government organization th= at works to protect the rights of indigenous people. PT-FI is negotiating with the leaders of both groups for additional voluntary recognition as a reflection of the expanded scope and continuin= g success of the mining operations. Freeport's mining operations entail environmental challenges. The most visible and significant impact on the environment is the disposal of the large amount of tailings. PT-FI channels the tailings into the Agawagon River, which flows from the mill site to the Ajkwa deposition area in the= lowlands. The tailings deposition is controlled through a levee system fo= r future revegetation and reclamation. By the end of the mine life, up to 2= 50 sq. km will be affected by the tailings. In April 1996, an independent environmental audit by Dames & Moore conclu= ded that PT-FI had adopted the most suitable tailings management option. The audit team concluded the tailings were not toxic and that PT-FI was in compliance with the government's regulations. It went on to make 33 principal recommendations, all of which have been implemented. Freeport Indonesia continues to monitor the Ajkwa River deposition area a= nd carries out routine water and biological sampling not only at the Ajkwa estuary but at four adjacent ones. PT-FI owns and operates an environment= al laboratory in Timika, which, in April 1999, was granted the ISO Guide 25 Certificate of the National Standardization Agency. The main purpose of t= he lab is to provide analytical support for long-term environmental monitori= ng. PT-FI also operates a tailings reclamation research station in the lowlan= ds, where it experiments and demonstrates the growing of fruits and vegetable= s, food grains, forestry and animal pasture grasses. The removal of waste rock material and controlling acid rock drainage pos= es another environmental challenge. The waste rock is transported primarily = to the Wanagon area on the western side of the mine by a combination of truc= k haulage and conveyor stacker installations. About 20% of the rock is limestone, which provides a neutralizing capacity to prevent acid generation. PT-FI's mine management plan is designed to limit exposure to= oxidizing conditions and take advantage of the acid-neutralizing capacity= of the limestone. ****************************** OTTIS SIMOPIAREF Van Uvenweg 134-I 6707 BH Wageningen The Netherlands Ph.: +31.6.25575496 Email: osimopiaref@netscape.net FREE West Papua from the Indonesian Colonialism ****************************** ____________________________________________________________________ Get your own FREE, personal Netscape WebMail account today at http://webm= ail.netscape.com. To: Kabar-irian-irja.org From: Admin Subject: [EN] National shipping line stops sailing to Irian Jaya Cc: Bcc: X-Attachments: Indonesian Observer, Local News Jan 19, 2000 National shipping line stops sailing to Irian Jaya JAKARTA (IO) — National shipping line PT Pelni has decided to halt its services to all ports in Irian Jaya because too many passengers vandalize the company’s vessels and refuse to pay for tickets. Chaerul Dajaman, head of Pelni’s operations in Irian Jaya, said the company is losing money because of the errant passengers. "At the ports in Serui, Biak, Sorong and Merauke, there were too many illegal passengers getting on board. And besides, they always damage so much equipment on the liners and throw the lifeboats into the sea," Dajaman was quoted as saying by Antara. For example, he said, the vessel KM Umsini on January 3 picked up about 600 passengers at Sorong and all refused to pay for tickets. "It seems that locals must be taught that any economic activity costs money, and if people don’t want to pay then the company could collapse," said Dajaman. He said the KM Umsini last month picked up Irianese refugees in Ambon, Maluku, and took them to Sorong and Jayapura. Most did not buy tickets but Pelni was willing to foot the bill in order to get the refugees away from the riot-stricken province. Since then, word spread rapidly along Irian Jaya’s ports that Pelni was offering free travel, and many passengers began claiming they had no money for tickets. Other passengers have been accused of attempting to dismantle valuable parts of the ships that can be resold. To: Kabar-irian-irja.org From: Admin Subject: [EN] Jakarta budget aims to placate provinces Cc: Bcc: X-Attachments: http://biz.yahoo.com/rf/000120/eu.html FOCUS-Jakarta budget aims to placate provinces, IMF (Updates with IMF comments paras 17, 23, market reaction para 9) By Andrew Marshall JAKARTA, Jan 20 (Reuters) - Indonesia unveiled a new economic agenda on Thursday designed to reassure the foreign creditors propping up the crippled economy and placate restive regions where separatist tensions threaten to tear the country apart. Analysts said Indonesia's new budget and fresh agreement with the International Monetary Fund were realistic and prudent, in contrast to over-optimistic projections of previous governments. But doubts remain over Indonesia's ability to sell off enough state assets to plug its budget gap, and on whether it can give resource-rich provinces the extra revenue they demand without undermining the budget and stoking unrest in poorer regions. And analysts cautioned the uncertainty and unrest shaking the country could undermine Indonesia's recovery. ``I'm quite comfortable with the targets. It's the political situation that I'm not comfortable with,'' said Endarto Weltam, vice president of treasury at the Industrial Bank of Japan in Jakarta. The budget, covering only April to end-December due to a change in Indonesia's fiscal year, has a deficit of five percent of gross domestic product versus 6.8 percent in the year to end-March. Half of the budget gap must be plugged with foreign loans, while the other half must be covered by privatisation proceeds and revenue from selling some of the vast portfolio of assets controlled by the Indonesian Bank Restructuring Agency (IBRA). Almost a quarter of the total expenditure in the budget was earmarked for interest payments on the billions of dollars of bonds the government has had to issue to rebuild the bank sector. The market gave the budget a cautious welcome, with the rupiah and stocks posting modest gains. MORE CASH FOR REBELLIOUS PROVINCES The budget was the first to reflect new laws on sharing revenue from natural resources with Indonesia's provinces. Four resource-rich provinces -- Aceh, Irian Jaya, Riau and East Kalimantan -- were granted sharp increases in government spending and in the revenue they will be allowed to manage. All four provinces have demanded a greater share of the proceeds from their natural wealth, and Aceh and Irian are the country's main separatist troublespots, facing anti-Jakarta protests and armed insurgencies by pro-independence guerrillas. Analysts said while the extra revenue for the provinces may go some way towards placating them, the violence-hit Moluccas, which have been ravaged by religious violence which may have left thousands dead, would see a much more modest revenue increase. And giving extra cash to some regions means cutting spending on poorer areas, which could also spark unrest. Indonesia said its longer-term strategy was to wean itself off the foreign loans it needs to survive, but the letter of intent released on Thursday said there was a $4.3 billion external financing gap in 2000. It expects the funds to be pledged at a meeting of creditors scheduled for early February. Loans to Indonesia were stopped last year over a politically charged bank scandal, but the signing of the letter of intent will pave the way for lending to resume. John Dodsworth, senior IMF representative in Jakarta, said the Fund's board would meet on February 4 to discuss the letter of intent and would disburse around $400 million if it was approved. This would be the first tranche of a new IMF package worth $5 billion over three years, he said. PACE OF ASSET SALES A CONCERN Analysts said assumptions for the April-December period, including GDP growth of 3.8 percent and average year-on-year inflation of 4.8 percent, were realistic, and the assumption of an oil price of $18 a barrel was conservative. But a question mark hangs over the 22.2 trillion rupiah ($3.1 billion) the government has targeted for April to December earnings from privatisation and IBRA asset sales. Progress in these areas has been slow so far. ``The main concern for foreign direct investment is the political environment. That is the unknown factor,'' said Kevin Ng, regional economist at ABN AMRO Securities in Singapore. ``If there are no foreign investors, the interest in asset sales will be very bad and that would be a negative factor for the budget.'' But he said the budget probably underestimated oil revenues. The IMF's Dodsworth said the asset sales target was ``ambitious but feasible.'' The budget still has to be approved by parliament, which is no longer the rubber stamp it was under former President Suharto. But analysts said there were unlikely to be many obstacles in getting it approved, as the government left legislators to make the final decision on the two most controversial issues -- wage hikes for top officials and the pace of fuel subsidy cuts. ($1 equals 7250 Rupiah) To: Kabar-irian-irja.org From: Admin Subject: [EN] Separatist, U.S. Congressman Faleomavaega Seek Support For West Cc: Bcc: X-Attachments: PACIFIC ISLANDS REPORT 21/1/00 Separatist, U.S. Congressman Faleomavaega Seek Support For West Papuan Independence WELLINGTON, New Zealand (January 16, 2000 - Radio New Zealand International)---The Indonesian province of Irian Jaya has had its name changed in a move which may indicate political changes in the future. President Abdurrahman Wahid visited the province at the New Year, offering an apology for past human rights abuses, and the opportunity to change the province's name to Papua. But he told the local people he couldn't consider their call for autonomy. The atmosphere of compromise was tested this week, when thousands of people attended a ceremony to hoist the separatist Free West Papua "Morning Star" flag in the town of Sorong. The crowd first raised the Indonesian flag and sang the Indonesian national anthem, before hoisting the separatist flag and singing the independence hymn. A huge crowd blocked the whole area, barring access to Indonesian security personnel, who say they took no action to stop the ceremony because they received no instructions. Last year, a similar flag- raising ceremony in Biak saw Indonesian soldiers open fire on the unarmed demonstrators, killing several of them. Some West Papuan groups say Australia may be able to play a role in their struggle for independence. Victor Kaisiepo, a Dutch-based spokesperson for the West Papua Freedom Organization, which is an umbrella group of West Papuan bodies, says the issue is now attracting significant international attention. He is critical of Australia's involvement in the controversial and disputed take-over of the province by Indonesia in the 1960s, but says Australia's assistance to East Timor has given West Papuans hope. Victor Kaisiepo says West Papuans are also looking to their Pacific neighbors for international assistance. KAISIEPO: We are also calling upon our Melanesian brothers and sisters in the independent states of Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands, Vanuatu and Fiji to support us as Melanesians in our struggle for political independence one day, but for the moment we need their, not only moral but above all political support. We think it would be wise to start with the Melanesian region. We are planning to open relationship with the Melanesian Spearhead Group, and on a later stage, if we manage to do so, then we will approach the South Pacific Forum as well. RADIO NEW ZEALAND INTERNATIONAL: That effort is going to be backed up by a one-man political campaign in Washington. American Samoa's Congressman, Eni Faleomavaega Hunkin, says he plans to deliver a series of speeches on the floor of Congress, to raise awareness of the plight of the Indonesian-ruled territory. He says he agrees that speeches alone won't persuade Indonesia to change its policy towards the mainly Melanesian province, though. FALEOMAVAEGA: That's true, but speeches also - a member's speech on the floor of the house - you've got at least between 35 and 40 million people watching and listening and it's my intent also to bring this matter into even closer contact with the members of Congress, the Committee on International Relations. I feel very good about this. We do have members, both Republicans and Democrats, who have taken notice of this disparity [between policies on East Timor and West Papua], and it's my hope that we're going to continue making this effort in the coming months so that hopefully, the leaders of the Indonesian government will give heed and just be reasonable. RADIO NEW ZEALAND INTERNATIONAL: The Congressman says the task of raising awareness of West Papua's situation is difficult, because U.S. policy makers and the American public have little understanding of Pacific concerns. FALEOMAVAEGA: And I see this as a matter of personal experience in giving about 25 floor speeches on the French nuclear testing thing and what I was amazed about was that many people in America didn't even know that this was going on for some 25 or 30 years, and I suspect that the situation in West Papua New Guinea is going to be even worse because West Papua New Guinea does not have a country like Portugal or, hopefully maybe even the Dutch would do something about it because it was a former Dutch colony. So it's going to be a real educational challenge not only for the American people but more especially the American leaders. They just have no concept of what's going on in the Pacific region. -- Radio New Zealand International ----------------------------------------------- Australia West Papua Association, Sydney iris@matra.com.au ------------------------------------------------ To: Kabar-irian-irja.org From: Admin Subject: [EN-update] Soeharto`S Cronies Plan To Set Up Papua Militia, Paper Reports. Cc: Bcc: X-Attachments: Antara National News Soeharto`S Cronies Plan To Set Up Papua Militia, Paper Reports. Friday, January 21, 2000/3:52:55 PM Canberra, Jan 21 (ANTARA) Former president Soeharto`s military and political cronies are preparing for the establishment of an armed militia, the Sydney Morning Herald reported Friday. Quoting John Ondowame, a West Papua human rights activist living in Darwin, Australia, the paper accused Pancasila Youth chairman, Yorrys Raweyai, as the engineer for the establishment. According to Ondowame, the Indonesian Defence Force (TNI) has always protected Yorrys, but thrashed the supporters of West Papua independence. Ondowame made the statement following the outbreak of a clash between a pro-Jakarta group and Papua independence supporters in Serui City, Irian Jaya, on Wednesday (Jan 19). Ondowame accused Yorrys and a moderate independence leader, Theys Eluay in Jayapura, were forming a "West Papua Armed Forces". The news report said Theys` motivation to join Yorrys remained unclear. But, some local activists believed that it was Theys` tactic to tap fund from Yorrys. John Rumbiak, an activist from the Elsham rights body for West Papua, ventured that Theys would remain an independence supporter while tapping Yorrys`s fund. Since Soeharto`s downfall from the presidency in May 1998, groups for the independence of West Papua have revived, among others as reflected in the hoisting of the `morning star` flag in Jayapura last December. Theys, who initiated the flag-hoisting, has been charged for separatism. His trial will begin in Jayapura on Feb 2, 2000. To: Kabar-irian-irja.org From: Admin Subject: [EN-update]Irian Jaya deports three Iranians Cc: Bcc: X-Attachments: Indonesian Observer January 21, 2000 Irian Jaya deports three Iranians JAKARTA (IO) - Immigration officials in Irian Jaya yesterday deported three Iranians for overstaying their tourist visas. The Iranians were detained one month ago in the southern city of Merauke, from where they had originally planned to visit neighboring Papua New Guinea. Merauke Immigration Office spokesman Mahsum Noer told Antara the three yesterday took a Merpati flight to Jakarta and were then to be put on a flight home. Their plane tickets were paid for by the Iranian Embassy, he added. The Iranians were identified as Gholamreza Nikmanesi (37), Beji Jabbar (29) and Zahir Aliasghar (22).To: Kabar-irian-irja.org From: Admin Subject: [EN-environment] Papua New Guinea's battle for environmental survival Cc: Bcc: X-Attachments: Papua New Guinea's battle for environmental survival From Correspondent Gary Strieker January 21, 2000 Web posted at: 12:22 p.m. HKT (0422 GMT) OK TEDI, New Guinea (CNN) An ecological disaster in the remote highlands of Papua New Guinea has claimed a river and many local residents as its victims. But there could be other casualties -- an entire town, and possibly, the very cause of the problem -- the copper mine. "The environment for people is life. People depend on the land, on the river system for their living, their survival," says local church leader Blaisus Twik. And no one disputes mistakes were made. For 16 years the Ok Tedi copper mine, one of the world's largest, has discharged a steady flow of waste rock and mill tailings into the Ok Tedi River. Experts say there's no evidence of serious toxic pollution but the sediment is carried hundreds of miles downstream, building up on the riverbed causing flooding and smothering vegetation over large areas; a catastrophe for people who live along the river. "The best solution, from a purely environmental point of view, would probably be to close the mine," Roger Higgins of Ok Tedi Mining Ltd told CNN. The mining company says the environmental problem wasn't supposed to have happened because original plans called for the tailings to be contained in a dam. However, the dam was destroyed by a landslide before it was finished. The company is now trying to minimize the damage by dredging sediment from the river. "We've done a great deal of work, environmental work, study work, dredging work on the river and we're really disappointed that we haven't come up with a better environmental solution to the problems we have," Higgins said. Ok Tedi Mining Ltd pays compensation to hundreds of people affected by the flooding but satisfaction has not been absolute. "We need adequate compensation," provincial government spokesman Menesah Kambong said. There are also concerns that growing environmental liabilities could force the mine to close costing thousands of jobs and putting the town and the economy of the region at risk. ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ To: Kabar-irian-irja.org From: Admin Subject: [ID] Menhutbun diminta tertibkan pungutan Cc: Bcc: X-Attachments: Menhutbun diminta tertibkan pungutan Source: Republika, 17/1/2000 via Indonesian conservation Database mailing list JAYAPURA Menteri Kehutanan dan Perkebunan (Menhutbun), diminta untuk segera menertibkan berbagai pungutan, khususnya di bidang perkayuan. Penertiban di bidang kehutanan, terutama menyangkut pengutan Dana Reboisasi (DR) dan Iuran Hasil Hutan (IHH) yang selama ini disetor para pengusaha pemegang izin Hak Pengusahaan Hutan (HPH) Izin Pemanfaatan Kayu (IPK) dan Pengusaha pemegang Izin Pengelolaan Kayu Hutan (IPKH). Anggota MPR RI utusan Irian Jaya, SP Morin, di Jayapura pekan lalu mengatakan, pungutan DR dan IHH selama ini disetor para pengusaha kayu langsung ke rekening Menhutbun di Jakarta. ''Dana yang disetor ke rekening Menhutbun itu sudah mencapai triliun rupiah, tetapi pemanfaatannya kurang jelas,'' kata Morin. Dikatakan, DR dan IHH, disetor ke pusat sementara daerah penghasil kayu tidak mendapat apa-apa. Padahal jika dana itu dikembalikan ke daerah penghasil kayu dapat dimanfaatkan untuk kepentingan masyarakat di sekitar lokasi penebangan. Morin menduga, uang DR dan IHH yang selama ini disetor ke rekening Menhutbun, disalahgunakan sehingga perlu segera diperiksa. Dikemukakan, tugas Menhutbun, harus menertibkan berbagai pungutan di sektor kehutanan guna menghindari terjadinya KKN serta pungutan liar (pungli). Penertiban, kata anggota MPR RI utusan Irja itu, perlu segera dilakukan guna mendukung pelaksanaan Undang-Undang nomor 25/1999 mengenai perimbangan keuangan pusat dan daerah. Morin juga minta agar Menhutbun setiap tiga bulan sekali mengumumkan secara transparan uang DR dan IHH yang disetor ke rekeningnya di Jakarta sehingga diketahui masyarakat, terutama daerah penghasil kayu. Selain itu pungutan hasil hutan yang selama ini disetor ke rekening Menhutbun agar disetor melalui satu pintu yakni Departemen Keuangan. Sementara pengusaha kayu di Irja meminta kepada pemerintah pusat agar DR dan IHH yang selama ini disetor ke rekening Menhutbun, sebaiknya disetor ke Pemda Irja agar bisa bermanfaat bagi masyarakat di daerah ini. Sementara di Jakarta dilaporkan Dephutbun perlu menekankan perombakan sistem yang ada di departemennya, untuk meningkatkan kinerjanya terutama menangani kasus KKN, menyusul akan dilakukan pergantian pejabat eselon satu dalam waktu dekat. Namun jika ada pergantian pejabat, perlu dilihat integritas dan kemampuan pejabat baru itu, kata anggota Komisi III DPR, Imam Churmen di Jakarta, pekan lalu, menjawab pertanyaan, rencana pergantian pejabat di Dephutbun. ''Jika memang baik maka bisa dipakai tetapi kalau tidak ya ... jangan dipakai,'' tegasnya. Sementara itu Menhutbun Nurmahmudi Ismail mengatakan akan ada pergantian pejabat di departemen yang dipimpinnya, kecuali Dirjen Perkebunan yang akan tetap dijabat oleh Agus Pakpahan. Sementara itu, Harsono yang semula menjabat Dirjen Reboisasi Lahan dan Perhutanan Sosial akan menjabat Dirjen Perlindungan dan Konservasi Alam. Kemungkinan pelantikan dilaksanakan Selasa (18/1). Sebelumnya, Sekjen Dephutbun juga sudah diganti yakni dari Roedjai Djakaria kepada Suripto SH. Imam mengatakan, jika pejabat yang terpilih memiliki loyalitas, integritas dan kemampuan yang baik maka pergantian tersebut akan memberikan iklim yang kondusif bagi seluruh karyawan untuk berprestasi serta tujuan untuk memberantas KKN juga bisa terlaksana. Dia juga mengingatkan, aspek normatif yaitu hukum juga harus diperhatikan sehingga jangan sampai maksud baik dilakukan dengan cara yang melanggar hukum. To: Kabar-irian-irja.org From: Admin Subject: [EN] Indonesia's draft law on human rights court will protect generals from justice Cc: Bcc: X-Attachments: From: TAPOL < Press Release 24 January 2000 For immediate release Indonesia's draft law on human rights court will protect generals from justice A draft law shortly to be submitted to Indonesia's parliament on the creation of a human rights court has been deliberately framed so as to protect Indonesian generals from being brought to justice for the horrific crimes against humanity committed during the last few months of Indonesia's occupation of East Timor. The draft has abandoned the principle of retroactivity, and therefore rules out the prospect of any grave human rights violations committed prior to the creation of the court from being tried in a court of law. Instead, according to the draft law, such cases will be taken to a truth and reconciliation commission. Carmel Budiardjo, director of TAPOL said: 'This will render totally useless all the investigations carried out for the past four months by Indonesia's Commission of Investigation into Human Rights Violations, KPP HAM, which has closely investigated the linkage between top-level officers in the Indonesian army and the militias who wrought such havoc on East Timor before and after the ballot on 30 August.' The recent revelations about the contents of the draft law fully confirm the analysis contained in a Memorandum published today in which TAPOL analyses the problems confronting the investigation and trial of persons suspected of having committed crimes against humanity in East Timor during the period before and after the ballot in that country on 30 August which resulted in an overwhelming victory for East Timor's independence. The Memorandum summarises the investigations undertaken by Indonesia's own commission of inquiry, the KPP HAM. While stating a preference for these trials to be held in Indonesia, it describes the difficulties that make it almost impossible for this to happen because there is no special human rights court and Indonesian law does not incorporate crimes against humanity and war crimes into its legal code, under which suspects would have to be tried. The Memo also argues that the international community will be unable to accept trials held in Indonesia if suspects are tried by national courts under any of the following conditions: 1. The suspects are tried for ordinary crimes, not for crimes against humanity as defined under international humanitarian law. 2. The courts do not meet the criteria of independence and impartiality and are convened primarily to protect the suspects against being indicted before an international tribunal. 3. The courts pass sentences deemed inappropriate to the gravity of the crime. Persons tried under such conditions would not enjoy the protection of the principle of double jeopardy and could therefore still be indicted by an international tribunal. It also argues that the Indonesian Government proposal to try suspects from the armed forces in so-called koneksitas courts before a mixed panel of civilian and military judges is a sop to the army by using courts that fail the test of independence and impartiality. In the absence of appropriate courts and the inclusion of international humanitarian law into Indonesia's legal code, it must allow the trials to be held before an international tribunal. TAPOL states categorically: The new government must show the necessary commitment and political will to end the cycle of impunity. Only by so doing will it ensure the supremacy of civilian government over the militarism that has held Indonesia in its grip since Suharto seized power in 1965. In conclusion, TAPOL puts forward the following demands: 1. The government of President Abdurrahman Wahid should reconsider the draft law on a human rights court and make it retroactive for at least fifteen years. 2. In the absence of any sign that the Indonesian government is willing to create a national human rights court with the necessary powers to try recent grave violations in East Timor and elsewhere, governments throughout the world, especially the member states of the UN Security Council, should support the establishment of an international tribunal to try all those suspected of being perpetrators of crimes against humanity in East Timor. 3. Governments should use their influence with the Indonesian Government to persuade it to accept the creation of an international tribunal. 4. The international community should press for this international tribunal to be set up, with or without the consent of the Indonesian government. 5. Human rights groups and East Timor solidarity groups in Indonesia and around the world should join in a campaign to persuade their governments to support the establishment of this international tribunal 6. Everything should be done to remind the international community and the Indonesian people of the horrific practices visited on the people of East Timor throughout the illegal Indonesian occupation and in particular during the months before and after the ballot on 30 August 1999. 7. The international community should continue to impose sanctions against the TNI in the form of an embargo on arms sales and ties with the Indonesian military until it fully collaborates with actions to properly investigate and bring to trial all those, at whatever level, responsible for crimes against humanity in East Timor. A copy of the eight-page memorandum entitled: ENDING THE CYCLE OF IMPUNITY: CAN THE EAST TIMOR INVESTIGATIONS PAVE THE WAY? is available on request. +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ TAPOL, the Indonesia Human Rights Campaign 111 Northwood Road, Thornton Heath, Surrey CR7 8HW, UK Phone: 0181 771-2904 Fax: 0181 653-0322 email: tapol@gn.apc.org Internet: <<0000,0000,fefehttp://www.gn.apc.org/tapol>www.gn.apc.org/tapol Campaigning to expose human rights violations in Indonesia, East Timor, West Papua and Aceh 26 years - and still going strong ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ To: Kabar-irian-irja.org From: Admin Subject: [EN] Prisoners told to go home Cc: Bcc: X-Attachments: The Jakarta.com National News January 25, 2000 Prisoners told to go home WAMENA, Irian Jaya (JP): The local penitentiary is allowing 64 prisoners to serve the rest of their terms at home with their families following a "heated atmosphere" in jail. The chief warden, Idris, announced the controversial policy on Saturday, but refused to elaborate on his reasons. "We have tried to keep them here, but conditions at the jail make it impossible for them to stay with the other inmates," Idris said. He said he had reported conditions at the penitentiary to the provincial office of the Ministry of Law and Legislation in Jayapura, but had received no response. Local police chief Lt. Col. D. Suripaty said he deeply regretted the policy. "The penitentiary is fully responsible for the inmates, who are also in need of guidance. If it cannot function, law enforcement will mean nothing. What do we arrest criminals for?" Suripaty said. (eba) To: kabar-irian@irja.org From: Admin Subject: [ID]Asrama Mahasiswa Papua di Jogya Nyaris Dibakar Cc: Bcc: X-Attachments: ASRAMA MAHASISWA PAPUA BARAT NYARIS DIBAKAR Oleh: Ottis Simopiaref osimopiaref@netscape.net 24 Januari 2000 Asrama Mahasiswa Papua Barat di jalan Kusumanegara Yogyakarta nyaris diba= kar oleh orang-orang tak dikenal. Diduga, para provokator adalah sebagian suporter kesebelasan PSIM. Kamis (20/1) berlangsung pertandingan antara kesebelasan PSIM Yogyakarta melawan Persipura Numbay yang berakhir dengan 1-1. Sebagian pendukung PS= IM lepas kontrol ketika Andy Setyono dari titik penalti pada menit-menit ter= akhir berhasil mebobolkan gol Persipura. Sementara menyambut gol mereka melemp= ari para pendukung Persipura. Lemparan itu dibalas oleh suporter Persipura y= ang sebagian besar adalah mahasiswa Papua yang sedang belajar di Yogyakarta. = Bentrokan itu berhasil diatasi oleh pihak keamanan. Sekitar 10 menit sebelum pertandingan usai sekelompok orang tak dikenal melempari gedung asrama mahasiswa Papua. Beberapa jendela kaca dihancurk= an dan papan nama bertuliskan Asrama Mahasiswa Papua Barat dicabut dan dibua= ng ke tengah jalan. Ketika itu hanya dua orang mahasiswa Papua yang berada di = dalam asrama sedangkan selebihnya pergi ke Stadion sepak bola Mandala Krida. P= ada saat kelompok provokator hendak membakar asrama, mereka dipergoki oleh kelompok mahasiswa Papua Barat yang baru saja kembali dari Stadion. "Kami sangat menyesalkan dan kecewa atas perusakan asrama itu. Kami menu= ntut agar papan nama diganti baru dan menuntut pihak yang bertanggung-jawab me= minta maaf secara terbuka. Kami beri waktu 24 jam terhitung sejak pukul 18.00 Kamis. Kami menunggu reaksi apakah itu dari PSIM maupun Pemda. Jika tid= ak dipenuhi, kami akan memakai cara lain," kata Samuel Kambu. Sebaliknya Triyandi, ketua panitia, mengatakan "Sampai sekarang, saya bel= um menerima tuntutan dari mereka. Sebaliknya, malah penonton dan masyarakat= Yogya yang datang menuntut minta ganti rugi, karena motornya dirusak supo= rter Persipura. Itu pun tidak bisa saya penuhi, karena memang bukan tanggung-= jawab panitia". Ketua Umum PSIM yang juga Bupati Bantul, Drs Idham Samawi ikut mengangkat= suara "Ini merupakan pengalaman buruk yang seharusnya tidak perlu terjadi= =2E = Tujuan mereka nonton bola sebenarnya kan untuk mencari kegembiraan, kok j= ustru malah begitu," ujarnya. Fredrik Wakum, anggota Tim 100 Papua yang bertemu dengan Habibie 26 Febru= ari 1999, mengirimkan surat kepada presiden RI untuk memohon penanganan denga= n segera perselihan yang terjadi antara mahasiswa Papua dengan masyarakat Yogyakarta. Surat yang sama ditujukan kepada Wapres, Ketua DPR RI, Komna= s HAM, GKI-Papua, Elsham-Papua dan SEKKP Numbay. Fredrik mengungkapkan bahwa kelompok provokator sedang menggalang kekuata= n dengan mendekati masyarakat Yogyakarta untuk mengadakan penyerangan lebih= lanjut terhadap mahasiswa Papua Barat. Beberapa satuan Brimob sedang berjaga-jaga di depan asrama mahasiswa Papu= a, tulis Fredrik. Peristiwa di atas sempat dimuat dua hari berturut-turut (21 dan 22 Jan) o= leh harian Bernas Yogyakarta pada rubrik Berita Utama. Semoga Gubernur Papua, Fredy Numbery, segera mengambil langkah tertentu u= ntuk melindungi warganya di Yogyakarta. Pada pertandingan hari Minggu (23/1) di Stadion Manahan Solo, Persipura dikalahkan oleh kesebelasan Pelita Solo. (Suara Merdeka, 24/1) Sumber: * Bernas, Yogyakarta * Fredrik Wakum, Yogyakarta ____________________________________________________________________ Get your own FREE, personal Netscape WebMail account today at http://webm= ail.netscape.com. To: kabar-irian@irja.org From: Admin Subject: [ID]Dasar Dasar Perjuangan Kemerdekaan Papua Barat Cc: Bcc: X-Attachments: Saya mengirimkan lagi tulisan di bawah ini bagi yang pernah menerimanya k= arena saya telah menambahkan dan merubahnya sana-sini. Bagi yang pernah meneri= ma Karkara mohon disisipkan ke dalam diktat itu. Salam, Ottis --------- DASAR DASAR PERJUANGAN KEMERDEKAAN PAPUA BARAT Oleh: Ottis Simopiaref osimopiaref@netscape.net 25 Januari 2000 Mengapa rakyat Papua Barat ingin merdeka di luar Indonesia? Mengapa rakyat Papua Barat masih tetap meneruskan perjuangan mereka? Kapan mereka mau berhenti berjuang? Ada empat faktor yang mendasari keinginan rakyat Papua Barat untuk memili= ki negara sendiri yang merdeka dan berdaulat di luar penjajahan manapun, yai= tu: 1. hak 2. budaya 3. latarbelakang sejarah 4. realitas sekarang ad 1. Hak Kemerdekaan adalah =BBhak=AB berdasarkan Deklarasi Universal HAM (Univers= al Declaration on Human Rights) yang menjamin hak-hak individu dan berdasark= an Konvenant Internasional Hak-Hak Sipil dan Politik yang menjamin hak-hak kolektif di dalam mana hak penentuan nasib sendiri (the right to self-determination) ditetapkan. =BBAll peoples have the right of self-determination. By virtue of that ri= ght they freely determine their political status and freely pursue their economic, social and cultural development - Semua bangsa memiliki hak penentuan nasib sendiri. Atas dasar mana mereka bebas menentukan status politik mereka dan bebas melaksanakan pembangunan ekonomi dan budaya mere= ka=AB (International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, Article 1). Nation is used in the meaning of People (Roethof 1951:2) and can be distinguished from the concept State - Bangsa digunakan dalam arti Rakyat= (Roethof 1951:2) dan dapat dibedakan dari konsep Negara (Riop Report No.1= ). = Riop menulis bahwa sebuah negara dapat mencakup beberapa bangsa, maksudny= a kebangsaan atau rakyat (A state can include several nations, meaning Nationalities or Peoples). Ada dua jenis the right to self-determination (hak penentuan nasib sendiri), yaitu external right to self-determination dan internal right t= o self-determination. External right to self-determination merupakan hak penentuan nasib sendiri untuk mendirikan negara baru di luar suatu negara yang telah ada. Contoh: hak penentuan nasib sendiri untuk memiliki negara Papua Barat di luar negara Indonesia. External right to self-determination, or rather self-determination of nationalities, is the right of every nation to buil= d its own state or decide whether or not it will join another state, partly= or wholly (Roethof 1951:46) - Hak penentuan nasib sendiri secara external, a= tau sebaiknya disebut penentuan nasib sendiri bangsa-bangsa, adalah hak dari setiap bangsa untuk membentuk negara sendiri atau memutuskan apakah berga= bung atau tidak dengan negara lain, sebagian atau seluruhnya (Riop Report No.1= ). Jadi, rakyat Papua Barat dapat juga memutuskan untuk berintegrasi ke dala= m negara tetangga Papua New Guinea. Internal right to self-determination merupakan hak penentuan nasib sendiri bagi sekelompok etnis atau bangsa untuk memiliki daerah kekuasaan= tertentu di dalam batas negara yang telah ada. Suatu kelompok etnis atau = suatu bangsa berhak menjalankan pemerintahan sendiri, di dalam batas negara yan= g ada, berdasarkan agama, bahasa dan budaya yang dimilikinya. Di Indonesia= dikenal Daerah Istimewa Jogyakarta dan Daerah Istimewa Aceh. Pemerintah daerah-daerah semacam ini biasanya dilimpahi kekuasaan otonomi ataupun kekuasaan federal. Sayangnya, Jogyakarta dan Aceh belum pernah menikmati= otonomi yang adalah haknya. ad 2. Budaya Rakyat Papua Barat, per definisi, merupakan bagian dari rumpun bangsa ata= u ras Melanesia yang berada di Pasifik, bukan ras Melayu di Asia. Rakyat Pa= pua Barat memiliki budaya Melanesia. Bangsa Melanesia mendiami kepulauan Pap= ua (Papua Barat dan Papua New Guinea), Bougainville, Solomons, Vanuatu, Kana= ky (nama pribumi untuk Kaledonia Baru) dan Fiji. Timor dan Maluku, menurut antropologi, juga merupakan bagian dari Melanesia. Sedangkan ras Melayu terdiri dari Jawa, Sunda, Batak, Bali, Dayak, Makassar, Bugis, Menado, da= n lain-lain. Menggunakan istilah ras di sini sama sekali tidak bermaksud bahwa saya menganjurkan rasisme. Juga, saya tidak bermaksud menganjurkan nasionalis= me superior ala Adolf Hitler (diktator Jerman pada Perang Dunia II). Adolf Hitler menganggap bahwa ras Aria (bangsa Germanika) merupakan manusia sup= er yang lebih tinggi derajat dan kemampuan berpikirnya daripada manusia asal= ras lain. Rakyat Papua Barat sebagai bagian dari bangsa Melanesia merujuk pada pandangan Roethof sebagaimana terdapat pada ad 1 di atas. ad 3. Latarbelakang Sejarah Indonesia dan Papua Barat keduanya merupakan bagian dari Hindia Belanda, = tapi kedua bangsa ini sungguh tidak memiliki garis paralel maupun hubungan politik sepanjang sejarah manusia. Pertama: Sebelum adanya penjajahan asing, setiap suku, yang telah mendiami Papua Barat sejak lebih dari 50.000 tahun silam, dipimpin oleh kepala-kepala suku (tribal leaders). Untuk beberapa daerah, setiap kepala= suku dipilih secara demokratis sedangkan di beberapa daerah lainnya kepala suk= u diangkat secara turun-temurun. Di Biak, hingga tahun 1960an orang masih mengenal Kankain Karkara sebagai lembaga legeslatif yang dibentuk secara demokratis. = Setiap kepala kampung di Biak dipilih secara demokratis. Sekarang rakyat= Papua di Biak kembali mengaktifkan Kankain Karkara. Di Numbay (nama prib= umi untuk Jayapura) orang masih mengenal Ondofolo dan Ondoafi sebagai kepala = suku yang ditunjuk secara turun-temurun. Dari dalam tingkat pemerintahan tradisional di Papua Barat tidak terdapat garis politik vertikal dengan kerajaan-kerajaan kuno di Indonesia ketika itu. Kedua: Rakyat Papua Barat memiliki sejarah yang berbeda dengan Indon= esia dalam menentang penjajahan Belanda dan Jepang. Misalnya, gerakan Koreri = di Biak dan sekitarnya, yang pada awal tahun 1940-an aktif menentang kekuasa= an Jepang dan Belanda, tidak memiliki garis komando dengan gerakan kemerdeka= an di Indonesia ketika itu. Gerakan Koreri, di bawah pimpinan Stefanus Simopia= ref dan Angganita Menufandu, lahir berdasarkan kesadaran pribadi bangsa Melan= esia di Biak dan sekitarnya untuk memerdekakan diri di luar penjajahan asing. Ketiga: Lamanya penjajahan Belanda di Indonesia tidak sama dengan la= manya penjajahan Belanda di Papua Barat. Indonesia dijajah oleh Belanda selama= sekitar 350 tahun dan berakhir ketika Belanda mengakui kemerdekaan Indone= sia pada 27 Desember 1949. Papua Barat, secara politik praktis, dijajah oleh= Belanda selama 64 tahun (1898-1962). Keempat: Batas negara Indonesia menurut proklamasi kemerdekaan Indon= esia pada 17 Agustus 1945 adalah dari =BBAceh sampai Ambon=AB, bukan dari =BBS= abang sampai Merauke=AB. Mohammed Hatta (almarhum), wakil presiden pertama RI,= bersama kawan-kawannya justru menentang dimasukkannya Papua Barat ke dala= m Indonesia (lihat Karkara lampiran I, pokok Hindia Belanda oleh Ottis Simopiaref). Kelima: Pada Konferensi Meja Bundar (24 Agustus - 2 November 1949) d= i kota Den Haag (Belanda) telah dimufakati bersama oleh pemerintah Belanda = dan Indonesia bahwa Papua Barat tidak merupakan bagian dari negara Republik Indonesia Serikat (RIS). Status Nieuw-Guinea akan ditetapkan oleh kedua = pihak setahun kemudian. (Lihat lampiran II pada Karkara oleh Ottis Simopiaref).= Keenam: Papua Barat pernah mengalami proses dekolonisasi di bawah pemerintahan Belanda. Papua Barat telah memiliki bendera national =BBKej= ora=AB, =BBHai Tanahku Papua=AB sebagai lagu kebangsaan dan nama negara =BBPapua = Barat=AB. = Simbol-simbol kenegaraan ini ditetapkan oleh New Guinea Raad / NGR (Dewan= New Guinea). NGR didirikan pada tanggal 5 April 1961 secara demokratis oleh rakyat Papua Barat bekerjasama dengan pemerintah Belanda. Nama negara, l= agu kebangsaan serta bendera telah diakui oleh seluruh rakyat Papua Barat dan= pemerintah Belanda. Ketujuh: Dari 1 Oktober 1962 hingga 1 Mei 1963, Papua Barat merupaka= n daerah perwalian PBB di bawah United Nations Temporary Executive Authorit= y (UNTEA) dan dari tahun 1963 hingga 1969, Papua Barat merupakan daerah perselisihan internasional (international dispute region). Kedua aspek i= ni menggaris-bawahi sejarah Papua Barat di dunia politik internasional dan sekaligus menunjukkan perbedaannya dengan perkembangan sejarah Indonesia = bahwa kedua bangsa ini tidak saling memiliki hubungan sejarah. Kedelapan: Pernah diadakan plebisit (Pepera) pada tahun 1969 di Papu= a Barat yang hasilnya diperdebatkan di dalam Majelis Umum PBB. Beberapa ne= gara anggota PBB tidak setuju dengan hasil Pepera (Penentuan Pendapat Rakyat) karena hanya merupakan hasil rekayasa pemerintah Indonesia. Adanya masal= ah Papua Barat di atas agenda Majelis Umum PBB menggaris-bawahi nilai sejara= h Papua Barat di dunia politik internasional. Ketidaksetujuan beberapa anggota PBB dan kesalahan PBB dalam menerima hasil Pepera merupakan motiv= asi untuk menuntut agar PBB kembali memperbaiki sejarah yang salah. Kesalahan= itu sungguh melanggar prinsip-prinsip PBB sendiri. (Silahkan lihat lebih lanj= ut pokok tentang Pepera dalam Karkara oleh Ottis Simopiaref). Kesembilan: Rakyat Papua Barat, melalui pemimpin-pemimpin mereka, se= jak awal telah menyampaikan berbagai pernyataan politik untuk menolak menjadi= bagian dari RI. Frans Kaisiepo (almarhum), bekas gubernur Irian Barat, pa= da konferensi Malino 1946 di Sulawesi Selatan, menyatakan dengan jelas bahwa= rakyatnya tidak ingin dihubungkan dengan sebuah negara RI (Plunder in Par= adise oleh Anti-Slavery Society). Johan Ariks (alm.), tokoh populer rakyat Pap= ua Barat pada tahun 1960-an, menyampaikan secara tegas perlawanannya terhada= p masuknya Papua Barat ke dalam Indonesia (Plunder in Paradise oleh Anti-Sl= avery Society). Angganita Menufandu (alm.) dan Stefanus Simopiaref (alm.) dari= Gerakan Koreri, Raja Ati Ati (alm.) dari Fakfak, L.R. Jakadewa (alm.) dar= i DVP-Demokratische Volkspartij, Lodewijk Mandatjan (alm.) dan Obeth Manupa= pami dari PONG-Persatuan Orang Nieuw-Guinea, Barend Mandatjan (alm.), Ferry Aw= om (alm.) dari Batalyon Papua, Jufuway (alm.), Arnold Ap (alm.), Eliezer Bon= ay (alm.), Adolf Menase Suwae (alm.), Dr. Thomas Wainggai (alm.), Nicolaas J= ouwe, Markus Wonggor Kaisiepo dan lain-lainnya dengan cara masing-masing, pada = saat yang berbeda dan kadang-kadang di tempat yang berbeda memprotes adanya penjajahan asing di Papua Barat. ad 4. Realitas Sekarang Rakyat Papua Barat menyadari dirinya sendiri sebagai bangsa yang terjajah= sejak adanya kekuasaan asing di Papua Barat. Kesadaran tersebut tetap menjadi kuat dari waktu ke waktu bahwa rakyat Papua Barat memiliki identi= tas tersendiri yang berbeda dengan bangsa lain. Di samping itu, penyandaran = diri setiap kali pada identitas pribadi yang adalah dasar perjuangan, merupaka= n akibat dari kekejaman praktek-praktek kolonialisme Indonesia. Perlawanan menjadi semakin keras sebagai akibat dari (1) penindasan yang brutal, (2)= adanya ruang-gerak yang semakin luas di mana seseorang dapat mengemukakan= pendapat secara bebas dan (3) membanjirnya informasi yang masuk tentang sejarah Papua Barat. Rakyat Papua Barat semakin mengetahui dan mengenal sejarah mereka. Kesadaran merupakan basis untuk mentransformasikan reali= tas, sebagaimana almarhum Paulo Freire (profesor Brasilia dalam ilmu pendidika= n) menulis. Semangat juang menjadi kuat sebagai akibat dari kesadaran itu sendiri. Pada tahun 1984 terjadi exodus besar-besaran ke negara tetangga Papu= a New Guinea dan empat pemuda Papua yaitu Joop Roemajauw, Ottis Simopiaref, Lot= h Sarakan (alm.) dan John Rumbiak (alm.) memasuki kedutaan besar Belanda di= Jakarta untuk meminta suaka politik. Permintaan suaka politik ke kedubes= Belanda merupakan yang pertama di dalam sejarah Papua Barat. Gerakan yang= dimotori Kelompok Musik-Tari Tradisional, Mambesak (bahasa Biak untuk Cendrawasih) di bawah pimpinan Arnold Ap (alm.) merupakan manifestasi pol= itik anti penjajahan yang dikategorikan terbesar sejak tahun 1969. Kebanyakan= anggota Mambesak mengungsi dan berdomisili di Papua New Guinea sedangkan sebagian kecil masih berada dan aktif di Papua Barat. Dr. Thomas Wainggai (alm.) memimpin aksi damai besar pada tanggal 14= Desember 1988 dengan memproklamirkan kemerdekaan negara Melanesia Barat (Papua Barat). Setahun kemudian pada tanggal yang sama diadakan lagi aksi= damai di Numbai (nama pribumi untuk Jayapura) untuk memperingati 14 Desember. Dr. Thom Wainggai dijatuhkan hukuman penjara selama 20 tahun, namun beliau kemudian meninggal secara misterius di penjara Cipinang. Papua Barat dilanda berbagai protes besar-besaran selama tahun 1996. Tembagapura bergelora bagaikan air mendidih selama tiga hari (11-13 Maret= ). Numbai terbakar tanggal 18 Maret menyusul tibanya mayat Thom Wainggai. Nabire dijungkir-balik selama 2 hari (2-3 Juli). Salah satu dari aksi damai terbesar terjadi awal Juli 1998 di Biak, Numbai, Sorong dan Wamena, kemudian di Manokwari. Salah satu pemimpin dar= i gerakan bulan Juli 1998 adalah Drs. Phillip Karma. Drs. P. Karma bersama= beberapa temannya sedang ditahan di penjara Samofa, Biak sambil menjalani= proses pengadilan. Gerakan Juli 1998 merupakan yang terbesar karena mencakup daerah luas yan= g serentak bergerak dan memiliki jumlah massa yang besar. Gerakan Juli 199= 8 terorganisir dengan baik dibanding gerakan-gerakan sebelumnya. Di sampin= g itu, Gerakan Juli 1998 dapat menarik perhatian dunia melalui media massa sehingga beberapa kedutaan asing di Jakarta menyampaikan peringatan kepad= a TNI agar menghentikan kebrutalan mereka di Papua Barat. Berkat Gerakan J= uli 1998 Papua Barat telah menjadi issue yang populer di Indonesia dewasa ini= =2E Di samping sukses yang telah dicapai terdapat duka yang paling dalam bahw= a menurut laporan dari PGI (Persekutuan Gereja Indonesia) lebih dari 140 or= ang dinyatakan hilang dan kebanyakan mayat mereka telah ditemukan terdampar d= i Biak. Menurut laporan tersebut, banyak wanita yang diperkosa sebelum mer= eka ditembak mati. Realitas penuh dengan represi, darah, pemerkosaan, penganiayaan dan pembunuhan, namun perjuangan tetap akan dilanjutkan. Rakyat Papua Barat menyadari dan mengenali realitas mereka sendiri. Mereka telah mencicipi betapa pahitnya realitias itu. Mereka hidup di dalam dan dengan suatu du= nia yang penuh dengan ketidakadilan, namun kata-kata Martin Luther King masih= disenandungkan di mana-mana bahwa =BBWe shall overcome someday!=AB (Kita = akan menang suatu ketika!). Masa depan: Tidak diikut-sertakannya rakyat Papua Barat sebagai subjek masalah di dal= am Konferensi Meja Bundar, New York Agreement yang mendasari Act of Free Cho= ice, Roma Agreement dan lain-lainnya merupakan pelecehan hak penentuan nasib sendiri yang dilakukan oleh pemerintah (state violence) dalam hal ini pemerintah Indonesia dan Belanda. (Untuk Roma Agreement, silahkan melihat= lampiran pada Karkara oleh Ottis Simopiaref). Rakyat Papua Barat tidak diberi kesempatan untuk memilih secara demokratis di dalam Pepera. Act of Free Choice disulap artinya oleh pemer= intah Indonesia menjadi Pepera. Di sini terjadi manipulasi pengertian dari Act= of Free Choice (Ketentuan Bebas Bersuara) menjadi Penentuan Pendapat Rakyat (Pepera). Ortiz Sans sebagai utusan PBB yang mengamati jalannya Pepera melaporkan bahwa rakyat Papua Barat tidak diberikan kebebasan untuk memil= ih. = PBB telah melecehkan hak penentuan nasib sendiri dari rakyat Papua Barat karena tidak menerima laporan Ortiz Sans. PBB justru melakukan pelecehan HAM melawan prinsip-prinsipny= a sendiri. Ini merupakan motivasi di mana rakyat Papua Barat akan tetap berjuan= g menuntut pemerintah Indonesia, Belanda dan PBB agar kembali memperbaiki kesalahan mereka di masa lalu. Sejak pencaplokan pada 1 Mei 1963, pemerintah Indonesia selalu berpropaganda bahwa yang pro kemerdekaan Papua Barat hanya segelintir ora= ng yang sedang bergerilya di hutan. Tapi, Gerakan Juli 1998 membuktikan yan= g lain di mana dunia telah menyadari bahwa jika diadakan suatu referendum b= ebas dan adil maka rakyat Papua Barat akan memilih untuk merdeka di luar Indon= esia. Rakyat Indonesia pun semakin menyadari hal ini. Menurut catatan sementara, diperkirakan bahwa sekitar 400 ribu orang= Papua telah meninggal sebagai akibat dari dua hal yaitu kebrutalan TNI da= n kelalaian politik pemerintah. Sadar atau tidak, pemerintah Indonesia telah membuat sejarah hitam y= ang sama dengan sejarah Jepang, Jerman, Amerikat Serikat, Yugoslavia dan Rwan= da. = Jepang kemudian memohon maaf atas kebrutalannya menduduki beberapa daerah= di Asia-Pasifik pada tahun 1940-an. Sentimen anti Jerman masih terasa di berbagai negara Eropa Barat. Ini membuat para pemimpin dan orang-orang J= erman menjadi kaku jika mengunjungi negara-negara yang pernah didukinya, apalag= i ke Israel. Berbagai media di dunia pada 4 Desember 1998 memberitakan penyampaia= n maaf untuk pertama kali oleh Amerika Serikat (AS) melalui menteri luarnegerinya, Madeleine Albright. "Amerika Serikat menyesalkan =BBkesalahan-kesalahan yang amat sangat=AB yang dilakukannya di Amerika L= atin selama perang dingin", kata Albright. AS ketika itu mendukung para diktat= or bersama kekuatan kanan yang berkuasa di Amerika Latin di mana terjadi pembantaian terhadap berjuta-juta orang kiri. Semoga Indonesia akan bersedia untuk merubah sejarah hitam yang ditulisny= a dengan memohon maaf kepada rakyat Papua Barat di kemudian hari. Satu per satu para penjahat perang di bekas Yugoslavia telah diseret= ke Tribunal Yugoslavia di kota Den Haag, Belanda. Agusto Pinochet, bekas diktator Chili, yang berkunjung ke Inggris ditahan= oleh pihak kehakiman atas permintaan pemerintah Spanyol. Seorang hakim Spanyol, Garzon, ingin menyeret Pinochet ke pengadilan karena kejahatanny= a sebagai kepala negara antara tahun 1973 dan 1990. Dia akan diadili atas terbunuhnya beribu-ribu orang selama dia berkuasa di Chili. Hingga tahun= 1999 Pinochet berumur 84 tahun dan hingga Januari 2000 telah terhitung 15 bula= n Pinochet mendapatkan tahanan rumah di Inggris. Suatu usaha sedang dilakukan untuk mendokumentasikan identitas dan kebrutalan para pemimpin TNI di Papua Barat. Dokumentasi tersebut akan digunakan di kemudian hari untuk menyeret para pemimpin TNI ke tribunal internasional. Akhir tahun 1998 dunia membuka mata terhadap beberapa daerah bersengketa (dispute regions) seperti Irlandia Utara, Palestina dan Polis= ario (Sahara Barat). Kedua pemimpin di Irlandia Utara menerima Hadiah Perdama= ian Nobel (Desember 1998). Sejak November 1999 Irlandia Utara memiliki pemerintahan sendiri. Kabinet Irlandia Utara ter= diri dari pihak Nasionalis (yang menginginkan bergabungnya Irlandia Utara deng= an Irlandia) dan pihak Unionist (yang menginginkan tetap bergabungnya Irland= ia Utara dengan Britania Raya. Bill Clinton, presiden Amerikat, yang mengun= jungi Palestina, tanggal 14 Desember 1998, mendengar pidato dari Yaser Arafat bahwa daerah-daerah yang diduki di Palestina har= us ditinggalkan oleh Israel. Sekretaris Jenderal PBB, Kofi Annan, yang mengadakan tour di Afrika Utara mampir di Aljasaria untuk mencoba menenga= hi konflik antara Front Polisario dan Maroko. Front Polisario dengan dukunga= n Aljasaria masih berperang melawan Maroko yang menduduki Polisario (International Herald Tribune, Nov. 30, 1998). Mengapa ada konflik di Irlandia Utara, Palestina dan Polisario? Kare= na rakyat-rakyat di sana menuntut hak mereka dan memiliki budaya serta latar-belakang sejarah yang berbeda dari penjajah yang menduduki negeri mereka. Realitas sekarang menunjukkan bahwa rakyat-rakyat di sana masih tetap berjuang untuk membebaskan diri dari penjajahan. Realitas sekarang= di Papua Barat membuktikan adanya perlawanan rakyat menentang penjajahan Indonesia. Ini merupakan manifestasi dari makna faktor-faktor budaya, latar-belakang sejarah yang berbeda dari Indonesia dan terlebih - hak - sebagai dasar hukum di mana rakyat Papua Barat berhak untuk merdeka di lu= ar Indonesia. Sejarah Papua Barat telah menjadi kuat, sarat, semakin terbuka dan kadang-kadang meledak. Perjuangan kemerdekaan Papua Barat tidak pernah a= kan berhenti atau dihentikan oleh kekuatan apapun kecuali ketiga faktor (hak,= budaya dan latarbelakang sejarah) tersebut di atas dihapuskan keseluruhan= nya dari kehidupan manusia bermartabat. Rakyat Papua Barat akan meneruskan perjuangannya untuk menjadi negara tetangga yang baik dengan Indonesia. = Rakyat Papua Barat akan meneruskan perjuangannya untuk menjadi bagian yan= g setara dengan masyarakat internasional. Perjuangan akan dilanjutkan hing= ga perdamaian di Papua Barat tercapai. Anak-anak, yang orang-tuanya dan kakak-kakaknya telah menjadi korban kebrutalan TNI tidak akan hidup damai= selama Papua Barat masih merupakan daerah jajahan. Mereka akan meneruska= n perjuangan kemerdekaan Papua Barat. Mereka akan meneriakkan pekikan Mart= in Luther King, pejuang penghapusan perbedaan warna kulit di Amerka Serikat,= "Lemparkan kami ke penjara, kami akan tetap menghasihi. Lemparkan bom ke= rumah kami, dan ancamlah anak-anak kami, kami tetap mengasihi". Rakyat P= apua Barat mempunyai sebuah mimpi yang sama dengan mimpinya Martin Luther King= , bahwa =BBkita akan menang suatu ketika=AB. ***** Tulisan di atas dipetik dari diktat berjudul Karkara karangan Ottis= Simopiaref. Ottis Simopiaref lahir tahun 1953 di Biak, Papua Barat dan sedang berdomisi di Belanda sejak 14 Maret 1984 setelah bersama Joop Roemajauw, Loth Sarakan (alm.) dan John Rumbiak (alm.) melarikan diri ke dalam Kedutaan Besar Belanda di Jakarta pada tanggal 28 Februari 1984 unt= uk meminta suaka politik.***** ****************************** OTTIS SIMOPIAREF Van Uvenweg 134-I 6707 BH Wageningen The Netherlands Ph.: +31.6.25575496 Email: osimopiaref@netscape.net FREE West Papua from the Indonesian Colonialism ****************************** ____________________________________________________________________ Get your own FREE, personal Netscape WebMail account today at http://webm= ail.netscape.com. To: kabar-irian@irja.org From: Admin Subject: FW: Vancouver forum on Inco in Indonesia Cc: Bcc: X-Attachments: >*** please forward widely > > >MINING NICKEL, MOVING PEOPLE >A PUBLIC FORUM ON INCO IN INDONESIA & AT HOME > >Thursday, January 27, 7 pm >SFU Harbour Centre (Fletcher Challenge Theatre), 515 W Hastings > >Inco is the largest Canadian investor in Indonesia and has received >substantial funding from the Canadian government's export credit agency for >its Indonesian operations. Inco is undergoing a massive expansion of its >low-cost, low-wage Indonesian operations, and has been accused of ignoring >the wishes of local communities in the pursuit of profit. Inco's main mine >is in Sulawesi, but it also has interests in most of Indonesia's trouble >spots, including Aceh, West Papua (Irian Jaya) & the Moluccas (Spice >Islands). > >Speakers: >-- Anto Sangaji, director of Yayasan Tanah Merdeka (Free Earth Foundation), >based in Central Sulawesi, Indonesia. Anto will highlight Inco's operations >in Indonesia, focussing on the threatened displacement of indigenous people >and migrants by Inco's planned expansion into Central Sulawesi > >Mick Lowe, longtime activist & journalist, columnist for Northern Life >(Sudbury) and author of several books including Premature Bonanza: Standoff >at Voisey's Bay, an examination of Inco's lurch into Labrador > >And a screening of "Papua Merdeka," Ottawa film maker Peter Monet's >examination of the West Papuan independence struggle from Indonesia and of >Canadian policy > >This event is sponsored by IDERA, MiningWatch Canada, Minewatch Asia >Pacific, EDC Watch, SF-P!RG, Institute for the Humanities, Amnesty >International, Canadian Action for Indonesia & East Timor, Student >Environment Centre & WUSC-UBC. For more information please phone IDERA, >732-1496. > >Anto Sangaji will also speak at other locations, including UBC Institute for >Asian Research (Jan 25, 12:30 pm), SFU (Jan 26), UBC (Feb 1, 12:30, SUB 205) >& U-Vic (Feb 3, 7 pm, Begbie 157). For tour details, e-mail >incoprojectvan@hotmail.com > To: Kabar-irian-irja.org From: Admin Subject: [EN] Gus Dur Blames Military/Radical Muslims for Violence Cc: Bcc: X-Attachments: http://www.infobeat.com/stories/cgi/story.cgi?id=2563631255-74c By SLOBODAN LEKIC= Associated Press Writer= SABANG, Indonesia (AP) _ Indonesia's president on Tuesday accused disgruntled army generals and radical Muslims of provoking violence that threatens his fledgling democratic government and the unity of the sprawling Southeast Asian nation. President Abdurrahman Wahid refused to identify the provocateurs in his speech to reporters after leading a peace mission to the troubled northwestern province of Aceh. ``I cannot divulge their names because we still have to (get) proof,'' he said. ``Those Muslim militants, those generals who are not satisfied, would like to rule forever.'' In a blunt warning, he said some supporters of his 3-month-old ruling coalition were threatening to kill troublemakers if the violence persists. ``People have already (told) me that they will take the lives of so-and-so,'' he said. Many fear spiraling unrest endangers Wahid's democratic and economic reform program after decades of authoritarian rule in the world's fourth most populous nation. Fighting between Muslims and Christians has killed more than 2,000 people in the eastern Maluku Islands in the past year. More than 25 died in clashes during the weekend. Violence has also broken out in Papua, the western half of New Guinea, as well as on Sulawesi island. Last week thousands of terrified Christians and tourists fled the resort island of Lombok after rampages by Muslim mobs. In Aceh, hundreds of people have died since Wahid was appointed head of state. Just hours before he made his first visit to Aceh as president, six marines and three separatist guerrillas were killed in two gun battles. Wahid stood by his earlier prediction that he could stop the fighting by the end of March. He said this would only be achieved if ordinary people could once again trust authorities to enforce the rule of law. The president also said the army should not defend members of the security forces accused of human rights abuses. A key feature of his visit was a peacemaking ritual involving Muslim students protesters and police in Sabang, an island in the Indian ocean off the northern tip of Sumatra. An Islamic clergyman sprayed water and rice over the bowed heads of the rival groups as Wahid stood by and a choir chanted verses from the Koran. ``This traditional ceremony is a very big thing, it means that society is now at peace with the security forces,'' Wahid said. ``It shows that things can be settled in an amicable way.'' Like many Acehnese, the students have demanded an independent Islamic state. The group strongly backs rebels who have been fighting government forces in a war that has claimed some 5,000 people in the past 10 years. The rebels stayed away from the ceremony. So did army troops blamed for most of the human rights violations. Wahid said 145 rebels have surrendered to security forces in south Aceh on Sunday. He said he expects the insurgency to ebb as army commanders responsible for rights abuses are brought to justice. To: Kabar-irian-irja.org From: Admin Subject: [EN] Two journalists escape death threat in Merauke Cc: Bcc: X-Attachments: Received from Joyo Indonesian News Indonesian Observer January 25, 2000 Two journalists escape death threat in Merauke JAKARTA (IO) — Two journalists in Merauke, Irian Jaya, have decided to leave the country’s easternmost province to escape threats of execution. Antara corespondent Pieter Rahakbau and Ms. Japriana, who works for Jayapura-based Cenderawasih Pos daily, have been threatened with summary death by the so-called Papua Task Force in Merauke for reporting the murder of Adam Namagai. The murder, on January 2, 2000 reportedly involved four members of the Task Force - identified only as SG, RW, SE and EY. The victim was a noted figure who fully supported the union with Indonesia. Since the death threat, Rahakbau had to move houses every night, before being saved by the Tribuana Task Force of the Indonesian security forces, who then took him to Jayapura in an MNA aircraft. Meanwhile, Ms. Japriana, who also reported the murder, sought refuge under a Marauke police guard. Theys Eluay, the self-proclaimed leader, said that the murder contradicted the objectives of the task force, which was set up to help the police promote security and order. According to Theys, the four deserve to be punished. He also condemned the threat to execute the two journalists. In the meantime, Rahakbau disclosed that he had reported the threat to his safety to the local police, who were apparently powerless to deal with the Papua Task Force. The journalists also pointed out that the Papua Task Force had often usurped the police in overseeing security during the disembarkation and embarkation of passengers at Merauke port. On January 6, 2000, the task force even tortured a high-ranking officer of the Indonesian Defense Force, who was in Irian Jaya for mapping the borderline with Papua New Guinea. Apparently the task force members stopped and ganged up against the army officer, who was waiting to embark on the ship after a one month assignment in the region. +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ TAPOL, the Indonesia Human Rights Campaign 111 Northwood Road, Thornton Heath, Surrey CR7 8HW, UK Phone: 0181 771-2904 Fax: 0181 653-0322 email: tapol@gn.apc.org Internet: www.gn.apc.org/tapol Campaigning to expose human rights violations in Indonesia, East Timor, West Papua and Aceh 26 years - and still going strong ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ To: Kabar-irian-irja.org From: Admin Subject: [EN] Poll watchdogs call for delay of local elections Cc: Bcc: X-Attachments: The Jakarta Post.com National News January 26, 2000 Poll watchdogs call for delay of local elections JAKARTA (JP): Seven election monitoring bodies proposed on Tuesday local elections scheduled for June in three newly established provinces be delayed, citing inadequacies in the polls' legal basis, security guarantees and the preparation of poll organizers. The poll watchdogs urged the House of Representatives to draw up and pass a new law to replace the 1999 General Election Law before the local elections were held. "A new law is needed because the existing election law does not recognize local elections or the local election commission that organizes the local polls," Hadar Gumay from the Center for Electoral Reform said during a seminar here. He also said the security situation in volatile regions like Maluku, Aceh and Irian Jaya were not conducive for democratic polls. The elections are scheduled to take place on June 10 following the creation of the North Maluku, West Irian Jaya and Central Irian Jaya provinces last year. Violence has enveloped much of Maluku, Aceh and Irian Jaya over the past year, leaving thousands dead. Also calling for a delay in the polls were the Independent Elections Monitoring Committee, the Rector Forum, the Initiative and Partnership Empowerment Society Foundation, the Elections Education for People Network and Democracy Watch. The poll watchdogs also criticized the General Elections Commission (KPU) and the Local Elections Committee (PPL) for failing to maintain their independence and impartiality. Separately, House Speaker Akbar Tandjung said on Tuesday the House would soon revise the election law which, among other things, stipulates the dissolution of KPU. "We hope the new law can be endorsed before June," Akbar said. He said House leaders who met on Monday unanimously agreed with the government's proposal to dissolve KPU and replace it with a professional, smaller body consisting of nine members. But the plan to disband KPU and the Local Elections Committee sparked the anger of PPL chairman Agus Miftach, who also represents the Indonesian People's Party (Pari) on KPU. Agus threatened to unveil irregularities which occurred during last June's general election if the plan went ahead. "We will disclose ample wrongdoing during the last elections that will adversely affect the legitimacy of the House, the People's Consultative Assembly and the new government," Agus said. (jun) To: kabar-irian@irja.org From: Admin Subject: [EN] IHT: Indonesia's Forests Are Vanishing Faster Than Ever Cc: Bcc: X-Attachments: International Herald Tribune Tuesday, January 25, 2000 Opinion/Commentary Indonesia's Forests Are Vanishing Faster Than Ever By Thomas Walton and Derek Holmes International Herald Tribune JAKARTA - Indonesia's forests are disappearing even faster than studies a few years ago indicated. Despite the proclamations of previous Indonesian governments of a permanent forest estate, with 49 million hectares in protected status and another 63 million managed for sustainable production, deforestation has continued unchecked. Indeed, it has accelerated. Neither the efforts of dedicated nongovernmental organizations nor the projects supported by a small but persistent group of international donors have slowed the pace of forest destruction. Only a radical departure from business as usual will spare the world's fourth most populous nation the loss of this precious natural resource, which has generated annual export earnings averaging $3.6 billion in the past three years. Using 1997 satellite imagery, the Ministry of Forestry and Estate Crops has produced new forest cover maps for the islands of Kalimantan, Sulawesi and Sumatra which show a shocking loss of more than 17 million hectares in 12 years. This is one-fourth of the total Indonesian forest cover that existed in 1985. The ministry now estimates that the nationwide annual deforestation rate is at least 1.5 million hectares, nearly twice the estimate published by the World Bank in 1994. An analysis by the bank shows that lowland dry forest, the most valuable type of Indonesian forest for logging and biodiversity conservation, is disappearing fastest. Such forest is essentially defunct as a viable resource in Sulawesi. It is likely to be gone in Sumatra by 2005 and in Kalimantan by 2010. These are three of the largest forested islands of Indonesia, and also three of the main habitats for rare wildlife. The endangered orangutan and the nearly extinct Sumatran tiger are just two of the animals not found anywhere else in the world that depend on the forests. The list of causes of forest destruction in Indonesia is long. Fires burned more than 5 million hectares in 1997 and 1998. Satellite photos show that many of the fires were set by large plantation companies, but none received more than a slap on the wrist from the government of former President Suharto, despite the huge economic cost of the fires to Indonesia. Estimates of that cost range from $4 billion to $7 billion Permits to convert forest for mines, plantations and settlements have not respected the official forest boundaries. The licensing process has not been transparent. Logging concessions have not been strictly regulated. Perverse incentives exist that make it more lucrative to clear forested land for plantations than to plant open and unproductive land. Illegal logging has become rampant, even in national parks, on a scale that exceeds the volume of legal logging. Authorities look the other way while the government loses tax revenue at the rate of roughly $500 million each year. The illegal logging is directly related to expansion of wood-processing industries well beyond the point where sustainable harvest of natural forest can meet their demand for logs. Finally, decisions affecting access to the forest have largely excluded two groups of stakeholders, rural communities and traditional forest dwellers. They might be inclined to manage forests well if they could achieve a secure flow of benefits from their efforts. They do not, and one effect is a pattern of destructive encroachment at the edge of the forest. If Indonesia wants to keep forests, other than those on land too steep to be accessible, the government of President Abdurrahman Wahid must formulate a new approach to managing them. It should do so in a way that invites the participation of all the agencies and stakeholders concerned, and gains their commitment and support. Indonesia needs a National Forest Program that will contain an overall strategy, a policy reform agenda, and specific action steps. The details should be left to the stakeholders, but whatever they agree on will surely need to include at least these eight elements: - An interagency, multi-stakeholder body responsible for forest policy. - A freeze on conversion of natural forest for any purpose until the National Forest Program is in place and a transparent mechanism for forest-use decisions is functioning. - A system to broaden and guarantee access to forest benefits for forest dwellers and local communities, through ownership or secure, long-term rights of use. - Environmental education and awareness programs to build a local and national constituency for forest conservation and sustainable management. - Incentives and penalties to improve forest concession management, including some form of independent inspection. - Rigorous and consistent enforcement of the laws concerning illegal logging, burning and encroachment. - Renewed commitment to conserving Indonesia's world-class biodiversity heritage by establishing a national network of parks and protected areas that can be effectively managed by the government in partnership with local communities and other stakeholders. - Aggressive replanting programs to return damaged forest land to productive use and relieve industry pressure on natural forest, while generating rural employment and income. It is a tall order. Still, Mr. Wahid's government might just be able to pull it off - providing it can gain the confidence and commitment of all the other stakeholders. But it must move fast and decisively, because time is running out. Mr. Walton is senior environmental specialist in the Jakarta office of the World Bank. Mr. Holmes is a consultant to the bank, which is sponsoring a meeting in Jakarta this Wednesday on management of Indonesian forests. They contributed this comment to the International Herald Tribune. -- ********************************************************************** Watch Indonesia! Tel./Fax +49-30-698 179 38 Planufer 92 d e-mail: nakal@watchin.snafu.de 10967 Berlin http://www.snafu.de/~watchin Spendenkonto: 0 632 136 701 Dresdner Bank Berlin (BLZ 100 800 00) ********************************************************************** To: kabar-irian@irja.org, incoprojectvan@hotmail.com, tapol@gn.apc.org From: Admin Subject: [EN-request]Papua Merdeka Cc: Bcc: X-Attachments: Dear friends, can you tell me how I can get one copy of the film PAPUA MERDEKA by Peter Monet? Many thanks and warm wishes Alessandro Michelucci From: associazione per i popoli minacciati To: kabar-irian@irja.org From: Admin Subject: [ID] papua Cc: Bcc: X-Attachments: Port Numbai, Papua = 25 januari 2000 Salam=85, Sebagai manusia yang baik tentunya anda sangat yakin bahwa kemerdekaan ad= alah hak setiap bangsa di muka bumi ini. Namun sebagai warga negara yang baik = juga, tentunya anda harus mendukung segala keputusan negara termasuk sikap nega= ra terhadap keinginan-keinginan beberapa daerah di Negara Kesatuan Republik Indonesia yang ingin memisahkan diri. Entah mana yang kemudian menjadi pi= lihan anda, itu adalah hak anda. Dan jika berbicara mengenai hak manusia, kami = juga mempunyai hak untuk menyatakan bahwa tidak ada satupun sejarah didunia in= i yang menyebutkan adanya suatu masyarakat yang tidak memiliki kesatuan ata= upun keseluruhan secara kultural dapat menyatakan dirinya sebagai sebuah kesa= tuan, kecuali kolonialisme suatu bangsa atas bangsa lain. Karena ketika suatu n= egara secara murni dirayakan, itu dilakukan karena negara memiliki =93sesuatu=94= yang secara kolektif dapat dikokohkan. Lantas kita harus melihat lagi, apakah =93sesuatu=94 itu bisa/telah dikokohkan dalam konteks negara ini? Tampakn= ya dengan rendah hati kita harus mengakui bahwa =93sesuatu=94 itu sangat tidak mun= gkin untuk dikokohkan, karena bagaimanapun latar belakang pengalaman yang tel= ah kita jalani selama ini merujuk kepada kenyataan itu. Negara ini telah men= jadi milik kaum multinasional dan kaum multinasional ini sama sekali tidak ada= hubunganya dengan keinginan suatu bangsa yang ingin mendapatkan kembali kemerdekaanya yang terenggut 37 tahun lalu, selain menjadi penghisap dara= h rakyatnya. Lalu apa yang akan kita perbuat? Menjadi manusia yang baik ata= u menjadi warga negara yang baik? Mungkin hati nurani anda bisa menyelesaik= an persoalan ini. Toh suatu saat nanti apa yang namanya negara ini hanya aka= n menjadi sejarah saja, saat dunia ini menuju pada tatanan baru, HUMAN GOVERNANCE. = Salam = ____________________________________________________________________ Get free email and a permanent address at http://www.netaddress.com/?N=3D= 1 To: kabar-irian@irja.org From: Admin Subject: [ID] UPC: Undangan Pelatihan Pengorganisasian Komunitas UPC] Cc: Bcc: X-Attachments: "KdP Net" wrote: Kabar dari PIJAR Netter yang baik, AJAKAN PELATIHAN PENGORGANISASIAN KOMUNITAS Urban Poor Consortium (UPC) saat ini melakukan kegiatan di lebih dari 100 kampung Jabotabek, menjangkau lebih dari 150 ribu KK. Untuk dapat lebih intensif melakukan pengorganisasian di semua komunitas tersebut kami membutuhkan tenaga-tenaga fasilitator komunitas. UPC akan mengadakan pelatihan pengorganisasian rakyat untuk memenuhi kebutuhan tersebut. Berlangsung pada tanggal 7 s/d 21 Februari 2000. Peserta pelatihan maksimal 25 orang dengan persyaratan sebagai berikut: 1. Berpendidikan minimal SMU atau sederajat; 2. Berusia 23 =96 35 tahun; 3. Bersedia mengikuti pelatihan yang akan diadakan selama 2 minggu penuh, terdiri atas pelatihan kelas dan lapangan; 4. Tidak terikat kerja dengan lembaga manapun; 5. Bersedia menanggung biaya transport dari/ke tempat pelatihan. Peserta yang berprestasi akan mendapat kesempatan bekerja purna waktu sebagai pendamping pengorganisasian komunitas yang dilakukan UPC. Surat lamaran dan daftar riwayat hidup harap dikirimkan melalui pos/fax/email selambat-lambatnya tanggal 31 Januari 2000 ke alamat: Urban Poor Consortium (UPC) Kompleks Billy Moon Blok H I/7 Pondok Kelapa Jakarta 13450 (Fax 021-8642915; E-mail: upc@centrin.net.id Demikian ajakan kami. Jakarta, 3 Januari 2000 Salam Wardah Hafidz Koordinator UPC -- Urban Poor Consortium - Konsorsium Kemiskinan Kota Billy Moon Blok H-I/7 Jakarta 13450, Phone/Fax: 62.21.8642915 Urban Poor Website: http://urbanpoor.or.id http://welcome.to/urbanpoor Kota Untuk Semua Website: http://urbanpoor.or.id/kota/ http://flay.to/kota Ruwatan Bumi Website: http://ruwatanbumi.base.org/ Poetry Box Website: http://move.to/afrizal_malna_poetrybox -------------------------------------------- PIJAR Indonesia Jl. Pedati 22A Gg. Y1 (RT 4/10), Bidaracina Jatinegara, Jakarta 13330, INDONESIA Tel/Fax: (62-21) 8198729 Email: pijar@PIJAR.NET http://www.pijar.net/ -------------------------------------------- ____________________________________________________________________ Get your own FREE, personal Netscape WebMail account today at http://webm= ail.netscape.com. To: Kabar-irian-irja.org From: Admin Subject: [EN] Mob destroys govt buildings Cc: Bcc: X-Attachments: The Jakarta Post.com Across the Archipelago January 29, 2000 Mob destroys govt buildings JAYAPURA, Irian Jaya: A mob destroyed three state buildings following a violent dispute in Fakfak, hundreds miles east of here, police said. A state-owned radio office and two local administrative buildings in the port city were ransacked, in an incident which stemmed from a dispute between a local civilian security group and refugees from Seram island, witnesses said. Irian Jaya was renamed Papua in December by President Abdurrahman Wahid in a concession to its people who refuse to accept the existing name, which they say was forced on them by Indonesian "colonialists". The House of Representatives has yet to ratify the name change. Witnesses said Friday's trouble flared up when refugees disembarking from a ship from Seram in strife-torn Maluku province became angry at having to show their ID cards and hit several men from a group of Papuans. (eba) To: Kabar-irian-irja.org From: Admin Subject: [EN] Sectarian tendencies 'may linger' Cc: Bcc: X-Attachments: ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ The Jakarta Post.com National News January 29, 2000 Sectarian tendencies 'may linger' JAKARTA (JP): Observers here warned that sectarian tendencies would likely linger as the political elite continued to jostle for power during the period of national transition. Political scientist Daniel Sparingga of Surabaya's Airlangga University said symptoms of sectarian discord would persist until a power balance was reached between the political elite. He said it was evident that "ideological identities" were now competing with each other -- Muslims, nationalists, social democrats and liberal democrats. The fall of former president Soeharto ushered in a new era of openness which eventually saturated the political scene as ideologies and societal groups began competing with each other in an arena where restrictions had vanished. "Indonesia's future has been in a critical situation since the downfall of former president Soeharto," Daniel said during a seminar jointly held by Kompas daily and the Friederich Ebert Stiftung foundation here on Friday. He described sectarianism or communalism as a process of social and ideological division or competition based on specific ties, such as regions, religions, race and tribes. However, the rivalry in Indonesia has reached such a level that is has seeped into violence. "Violence, which easily spreads in society, shows the seriousness of the problems," he said. According to Daniel, the state's role would likely be minimal in resolving these problems. Instead, society itself had to sort out its dilemma, particularly through recognized community and religious leaders. He urged various elements within society, including the media and non- governmental organizations, to take initiatives in setting up dialogs on pluralism and egalitarianism as one method of curbing rising tensions. The chairman of the Commission of Missing Persons and Victims of Violence (Kontras), Munir, remarked that political fragmentation was now occurring in the country as it went through the long tunnel of democratic transitional. He warned of the dangers of the process which could sideline respect for human rights. "Political fragmentation sometimes halts the process of upholding human rights," Munir said during the seminar. He gave a slightly different assessment of the various competing ideologies, saying that politics was fragmented by groups representing socialists, nationalists, Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) and Masyumi. Since the fall of Soeharto on May 21, 1998, Indonesia has seen a wave of sectarian violence, unprecedented in the last three decades. Apart from growing regionalist tendencies to separate, like in Aceh, ethnic and religious clashes have also swept Maluku for over a year, claiming the lives of over 2,000 people. The Maluku violence has in turn sparked a wave of religious radicalism, with calls for a holy way being voiced by some segments of society. The latest outburst occurred on Lombok island, where over a dozen churches were either torched or damaged. Political observer Mochtar Pabottingi charged that many of the problems faced today were vented out of frustration or a spillover from the repressive policies during the 32-year rule of Soeharto. Mochtar even expressed his belief that the ailing former president was behind many of the tribulations occurring today. At the very least, his close circle of associates was behind the sectarian disputes and clashes, Mochtar remarked, while identifying a former leading "youth" organization figure as being the mastermind behind clashes and separatist activities in Irian Jaya. (jun) To: Kabar-irian-irja.org From: Admin Subject: [EN-environment] Thousands Of Illegal Arwana Fish Sent Back To Its Habitat Cc: Bcc: X-Attachments: National News Thousands Of Illegal Arwana Fish Sent Back To Its Habitat Friday, January 28, 2000/2:07:49 PM Jayapura, Irian Jaya, Jan 28 (ANTARA) Thousands of illegal Arwana fish confiscated by the forestry officers in the Mopah Airport of Merauke last December have been sent back to its habitat, a local official said. "We have kept the fish for the past two months," head of the natural resources conservation (KSDA) of the local forestry and plantation office Herman Prayitno said here on Friday. The fish were confiscated by the KSDA officers in the airport last December as there were no documents accompanying the shipment, Herman said. He added the rare fish were brought by a businessmen who admitted that he did it in cooperation with an apparatus. "They both have been at the Merauke Police`s custody now," he added. Herman, however, called on the security personnel to keep on searching the actors and their smuggling-ring. "Irian Jaya Governor Freddy Numberi has even agreed to this efforts by instructing all leaders of police and security bodies to take stern measures against such crimes as bringing rare animals abroad," he said To: Kabar-irian-irja.org From: Admin Subject: [EN -environment] Book review Cc: Bcc: X-Attachments: from: Indonesian Nature Conservation List Edited by Toon van Meijl and Franz von Benda-Beckmann London/New York: Kegan Paul International, 1999, 295 pp. ISBN 0-7103-0641-5 (HB) This book provides a critical analysis of the widespread assumption that the formalisation and standardisation of property rights through state legislation has a positive impact on economic development. It is based on anthropological case-studies of land and natural resources rights in Southeast Asia and Oceania. These suggest that the economic impact of the formalisation of property rights is not necessarily positive, certainly not for all categories of peoples. They also suggest that state reforms of property rights do not necessarily eliminate the conditions of legal pluralism, but rather add new legal structures to an already complex constellation of rights and duties. The point of departure for the empirical analyses of the central hypothesis examined in this book is that the practical significance of complex forms of property rights and related socio-economic practices cannot be usefully examined within formalistic, one-dimensional and normatively oriented legalistic or economic approaches. Instead, an anthropological approach to law is advocated in order to analyse the complicated, multidimensional relationships between property rights and economic development, and their embeddedness in social practices. Based on this approach the contributions to this book show how different people and institutions attribute different meanings to the various components of property relationships, and how they use them as resources in their everyday lives and social struggles.' CONTENTS 0. Franz von Benda-Beckmann and Toon van Meijl Introduction 1. Franz and Keebet von Benda-Beckmann A Functional Analysis of Property Rights, with Special Reference to Indonesia 2. Indira Juditka Simbolon Caring for Toba Land and the Environment: What about the People? 3. Herman Slaats Land Titling and Customary Rights: Comparing Land Registration Projects in Thailand and Indonesia 4. Willem G. Wolters The Development of Property Rights to Land in the Philippines, 1850-1930 5. Hartmut Holzknecht Customary Property Rights and Economic Development in Papua New Guinea 6. Anton Ploeg Land Tenure and the Commercialisation of Agriculture in Papua New Guinea 7. Leontine E. Visser The Social Exchange of Land, Cloth, and Development in Irian Jaya 8. Ad Borsboom From Terra Nullius to Mabo: Land Rights and Self-Determination in Aboriginal Australia 9. Eric Venbrux A Glimpse of the Dreamtime”: Property Rights and Tourism in the Tiwi Islands, Northern Australia 10. Toon van Meijl Settling Maori Land Claims: Legal and Economic Implications of Political and Ideological Contests To: Kabar-irian-irja.org From: Admin Subject: [EN] Radio halts broadcast in Irian Jaya town Cc: Bcc: X-Attachments: The Australian Radio halts broadcast in Irian Jaya town By News Interatcive 30jan00 RADIO Republik Indonesia (RRI) was off air in the Irian Jaya town of Fakfak yesterday, a day after its office was trashed in rioting, a staff member said. The employee, who identified himself only as Ridwan, said he did not know when broadcasts would resume but added that as long as there were no security guarantees, it would stay off the air.To: Kabar-irian-irja.org From: Admin Subject: [EN-environment/economics] The Hesitant Boom: Indonesia's Oil Palm Sub-Sector in an Era of Economic Crisis and Political Change Cc: Bcc: X-Attachments: from: Indonesian Nature Conservation List The Hesitant Boom: Indonesia's Oil Palm Sub-Sector in an Era of Economic Crisis and Political Change November 1999 Anne Casson Center for International Forestry Research Office address: Jalan CIFOR, Situ Gede, Sindangbarang, Bogor 16680, Indonesia. Mailing address: P.O Box 6596, JKPWB, Jakarta 10065, Indonesia. Tel: +62 (251) 622 622; Fax: +62 (251) 622 100 Email: a.casson@cgiar.org Website: http://www.cifor.org/cifor CONTENTS List of Tables - 4 Abbrevations and Glossary - 5 Executive Summary - 7 I. Introduction - 8 II. Rapid Development of the Oil Palm Sub-sector until 1997 - 10 Prospects for the oil palm sub-sector before the crisis - 15 III. The Hesitant Boom - 18 Reasons behind the slowdown in palm oil area expansion - 21 1. The Government’s export tax policy - 21 2. Reform policies that target the oil palm sub-sector - 25 3. Social unrest and withdrawal and withholding of foreign investment - 27 4. Changes to the CPO distribution system - 28 5. Credit access difficulties - 29 6. Changes to the state-owned plantation sector - 30 7. ENSO, drought and fires limit CPO production - 31 8. A precipitous decline in the world price of CPO - 32 9. Increased production costs - 33 IV. Prospects for Resumed Growth and the Fate of Forests - 34 Prospects for renewed growth - 34 1. Lower interest rates - 35 2. Regulatory changes that facilitate further oil palm development - 35 3. Debt restructuring opportunities - 38 4. Land made available through the El Niño drought and related forest fires - 40 5. Growing world demand for crude palm oil - 40 6. The government’s drastic reduction of the export tax - 41 7. Plans to boost the world price for CPO - 41 The impact of resumed growth on Indonesia’s natural forest cover - 42 Conclusion - 51 Recommendations - 53 References - 56 Appendix A List of people consulted - 61 Appendix B Area and production of oil palm plantations by owner type 1967-1997 - 64 Appendix C Malaysian investment in the Indonesian oil palm sector - 65 Appendix D The impact of the economic crisis and various government policies on plantation share prices (1997-1999] - 68 Appendix E Policy changes affecting domestic and international CPO and cooking oil prices - 69 Appendix F Some incidents of violence on oil palm estates - 70 Appendix G The governments new schemes for oil palm development - 72 Appendix H Forest land converted to plantations and conversion forest deficits - 73 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY From 1967 through to 1997, oil palm was one of the fastest growing sub-sectors of the Indonesian economy, increasing 20-fold in planted area and showing 12 percent average annual increases in crude palm oil (CPO) production. While the growth of the oil palm sub-sector has conferred important economic benefits, it has posed an increasing threat to Indonesia’s natural forest cover. Local communities have also been displaced by the large scale oil palm plantations and social conflict has resulted. At the beginning of the economic crisis, there was every expectation that the oil palm boom would not only continue, but would also be propelled by the currency depreciation and lifting of foreign investment constraints. But a slowdown in area expansion and CPO production took hold instead. For 1999, the government estimate that only 177,197 hectares of oil palm will be planted. While this is a large area increase, it is a 33 percent decline in growth compared to the 266,565 hectares planted in 1997. CPO production also declined for the first time since 1969 and reached only 5 million tonnes in 1998. This was a 7 percent decline in growth from 1997 production which almost reached 5.4 million tonnes. Among the key reasons for the slowdown are: (1) the government’s export tax policy; (2) reform policies that targeted the oil palm sub-sector; (3) social unrest and the consequent withdrawal and withholding of foreign; (4) changes to the CPO distribution system; (5) credit access difficulties; (6) changes to the state-owned plantation sector; (7) the 1997-1998 El Niño Southern Oscillation phenomenon and consequent drought and fires; (8) a precipitous decline in the world price of crude palm oil; and (9) increased production costs. It now seems the Indonesian oil palm sub-sector is poised for a return to the pace of growth that prevailed prior to the economic crisis. Many companies have already begun to increase their planting targets for 1999 and CPO production is expected to increase by 12 percent to 5.6 million tonnes in 1999. The increase in CPO production is mainly attributed to an increase in rainfall after the 1997/98 El Niño Southern Oscillation phenomenon. However, several factors have, and will continue to, stimulate plantation development. Among these factors are: (1) lower interest rates; (2) regulatory changes that facilitate further oil palm development; (3) debt restructuring opportunities; (4) the availability of land cleared through the El Niño drought and related forest fires; (5) predicted growing global demand for CPO; (6) the government’s drastic reduction of the export tax; (7) cooperation between Indonesian and Malaysian oil palm producers to push up the price of oil palm and regain their share of the vegetable oil market. While the government is committed to emphasizing oil palm development in Eastern Indonesia, particularly in Kalimantan and Irian Jaya, most oil palm expansion can be expected to occur in Sumatra in the near future. Oil palm companies will, however, continue to apply for concession areas in Kalimantan, Irian Jaya and Sulawesi in the near term to gain access to forest land. Unless there are fundamental changes in the way forest land is allocated in Indonesia, further expansion in the oil palm sub-sector will continue to pose a significant threat to Indonesia’s forest cover. (Ed. the full report can be found at the CIFOR website at http://www.cgiar.org/cifor/publications/new-pub.html ) ---------------------------------------------------- 6. The Impact of Sectoral Development on Natural Forest Conversion and Degradation: The Case of Timber and Tree Crop Plantations in Indonesia Januari 2000 Hariadi Kartodihardjo and Agus Supriono Center for International Forestry Research Office address: Jalan CIFOR, Situ Gede, Sindang Barang, Bogor 16680, Indonesia Mailing address: P.O. Box 6596 JKPWB, Jakarta 10065, Indonesia Tel.: +62 (251) 622622; Fax: +62 (251) 622100 E-mail: cifor@cgiar.org Website: http://www.cgiar.org/cifor CONTENTS Abstract - 1 Introduction - 1 Timber and tree crop plantations - 2 Timber plantations - 2 Tree crop plantations - 3 Natural forest conversion - 4 Natural forest degradation by HPHs - 5 Allocation of conversion forest - 7 Encroachment of conservation and protection forests - 7 Analysis of timber and tree crop plantation policies - 8 Timber extraction from conversion forests - 8 Agrarian disputes and their social impact - 8 Controversies in timber plantation policy - 9 Forest land use policy - 10 Policy changes in the reformation era - 10 Recommendations and findings - 11 Summary of findings - 11 Recommendations - 11 Acknowledgements - 12 Endnotes - 12 References - 14 ABSTRACT This paper examines the conversion of Indonesia's natural forests to timber and tree crop plantations, notably oil palm. The principal aims are to understand the impact of this process on natural forest and on forest-dwelling people, and to establish whether past and present policies governing this process are meeting their objectives. Among the key findings of the study are that: (1) timber plantation development policies legitimate the degradation of natural forests; (2) subsidies are ultimately unnecessary for the development of timber plantations; (3) tree crop plantation developers request more land than they need to get added profits from the timber on lands to be cleared; (4) overlapping and chaotic forest land use classification systems work to the benefit of private plantation developers at the expense of the rights and livelihoods of forest-dwelling people; and (5) resolution of these problems is hampered by the persistence of the governmentÕs top-down approach and non-recognition of traditional land use rights. We recommend that the remaining natural forests on conversion forest lands be reclassified as permanent forests, that plantation development take place only on unproductive production forest lands, and that forest land use redistribution be devolved to the local level. (Ed. the full report can be found at the CIFOR website at http://www.cgiar.org/cifor/publications/new-pub.html ) ---------------------------------------------------- 7. Conclusions from the Workshop on Trade in Tortoises and Freshwater Turtles in Asia URL: http://nytts.org/asia/trade-ws.htm By the Asian Turtle Trade Working Group TABLE OF CONTENTS Patterns of exploitation and trade, species in trade and trade impacts on natural populations Consumption Trade Softshell Turtle Farming Turtle Shell Pet Trade Accuracy of Available Trade Data Effects of Trade on Native Turtle Populations Legislation, Regulations and other Controls on Turtle Trade Existing Legislation Enforcement Confiscated Turtles Clarification of Legislation Other Legislation concerning Turtles Trade Monitoring Other Priority Projects and Next Steps for Turtle Conservation CITES Listing of Asian or All Turtles Traditional Chinese Medicine Conservation Breeding Programs for Endangered Turtle Species Commercial Farming of Freshwater Turtles Availability of Turtle Population and Natural History Data, Increased Scientific Expertise and Encouragement in Range States Public Awareness of the Extent and Impacts of the Turtle Trade Recommendations from the Workshop on Trade in Tortoises and Freshwater Turtles in Asia === Recommendations from the Workshop on Trade in Tortoises and Freshwater Turtles in Asia 1. The delegates recognize that legislation and regulations to protect turtles from harvest and trade exist in Asian countries. This legislation is usually adequate, but the enforcement of this legislation is currently often inadequate. The delegates strongly urge all local, state and national governments to enforce, at all levels and as expeditiously as possible, the existing legislation concerning the conservation of turtles. 2. The delegates recognize that national legislation in some countries leaves gaps or creates overlapping responsibilities for enforcement authorities. The delegates support efforts to review, clarify and improve national legislation for effective protection of turtles in the region. 3. Recognising that transport by air is the most significant method of shipping turtles, the delegates request that all national governments implement and enforce IATA regulations as a high priority. 4. The delegates realise that placement of confiscated turtles will be a significant issue when increased enforcement takes effect, and request the IUCN Tortoise & Freshwater Turtle Specialist Group to develop guidelines and realistic solutions to assist authorities to adequately deal with confiscated turtles. 5. The delegates strongly recommend that each and every one of the currently recognized 93 turtle species native to the Indomalayan, eastern Palearctic, and Australasian biogeographic regions be listed in CITES Appendix II (noting that some species already are and should remain listed on CITES Appendix I and some others should be proposed for inclusion in Appendix I). 6. Considering the regular shifts in source countries to supply the Asian mass turtle trade, and enforcement staff often not being able to easily identify many chelonian species, the delegates recommend an examination of the value and feasibility of a proposal to list all species of chelonians worldwide in at least CITES Appendix II. To: Kabar-irian-irja.org From: Admin Subject: [ID] Pengelolaan HPH perlu ditinjau kembali Cc: Bcc: X-Attachments: from: Indonesian Nature Conservation List Source: Suara Pembaruan, 24/1/2000 Jakarta Anggota DPR-RI Daerah Pemilihan Irian Jaya, S.P. Morin mengharapkan pemerintahan Kabinet Persatuan Nasional Pimpinan Presiden KH Abdurrahman Wahid dan Wapres Megawati Soekarnoputri meninjau kembali pemberian izin hak pengusahaan hutan (HPH). Karena selama pemerintahan Orde Baru pengelolaan HPH telah memarginalkan masyarakat lokal. Akibatnya mereka terpinggirkan di tanah hak ulayat warisan leluhur. Mereka dilarang mengambil hasil hutan di areal HPH yang dikapling Hal itu dikemukakan S.P. Morin kepada Pembaruan dalam percakapan melalui telepon hari Minggu (23/1) malam di Jakarta. Menurutnya, peninjauan kembali itu sesuai harapan Kepala Negara yang disampaikan dalam Keterangan Pemerintah Tentang RAPBN Tahun 2000 pada Rapat Paripurna DPR-RI, hari Kamis (20/1) lalu di Jakarta. Dalam pengantar RAPB Tahun 2000 disebutkan jumlah anggaran desentralisasi, bagian terbesar adalah dana pembangunan kabupaten/perkotaan yaitu sebesar Rp 5,9 Triliun. Hal ini sesuai dengan semangat desentralisasi untuk menjadikan Daerah Tingkat II sebagai ujung tombak pembangunan. Dana Reboisasi Daerah Tingkat II diharapkan dapat lebih mengungkapkan aspirasi rakyat, sehingga alokasi dana dapat benar-benar sesuai dengan keinginan rakyat setempat. Dalam kaitan itu, diharapkan pengelolaan HPH harus menunjang pembangunan pedesaan dan dilaksanakan terpadu. Morin mengusulkan pajak pengelolaan hasil hutan terutama HPH disalurkan melalui Rekening Departemen Keuangan. Tidak dimasukkan ke rekening Menteri Kehutanan seperti yang berlangsung selama ini. Hal itu didasarkan atas Pasal 33 ayat (2) Cabang-cabang produksi yang penting bagi negara dan yang menguasai hajat hidup orang banyak dikuasai oleh Negara. Sedangkan ayat (3) Bumi dan air dan kekayaan alam yang terkandung di dalamnya dikuasai oleh Negara dan dipergunakan untuk sebesar-besarnya kemakmuran rakyat. Manfaat Cara demikian, ungkap Morin, dapat memberikan manfaat kepada masyarakat pedesaan. Pengelola HPH dan pemerintah harus membuka rekening untuk pemilik hak ulayat tanah. Iuran dana reboisasi yang selama ini dikirim ke rekening menteri kehutanan, dialihkan ke rekening desa yang kemudian digunakan untuk kesejahteraan masyarakat termasuk reboisasi. Sebab yang merasakan dampak negatif dari hutan yang ditebang oleh pengelola HPH adalah masyarakat lokal, bukan ''Orang Jakarta'', yang hidup penuh kemewahan atas penderitaan masyarakat pedesaan. ''Kita harapkan dalam pelaksanaan Undang -undang No 25/99 tentang Perimbangan Keuangan Pusat dan Daerah termasuk APBN Tahun 2000, harus merealisaskan pembagian dana pengelolaan hasil hutan. Dengan demikian bangsa kita tidak dianggap memarginalkan masyarakatnya," kata Morin. ---------------------------------------------------- To: Kabar-irian-irja.org From: Admin Subject: [EN-details] Indon state radio halts broadcast in Irian Jaya town after riot Cc: Bcc: X-Attachments: >From tapol@gn.apc.org Mon Jan 31 08:55:26 2000 X-Sender: tapol@pop.gn.apc.org Date: Sun, 30 Jan 2000 23:35:43 +0000 To: reg.westpapua@gn.apc.org From: TAPOL Subject: Indon state radio halts broadcast in Irian Jaya town after riot Received from Joyo Indonesian News Indonesian state radio halts broadcast in Irian Jaya town after riot JAKARTA, Jan 29 (AFP) - State-run Radio Republik Indonesia (RRI) went off the air in the Irian Jaya town of Fakfak on Saturday after its office was ransacked in rioting the previous day, a staff member said. "For the time being, RRI in Fakfak will not broadcast, in line with a directive issued by the director," an RRI employee said by telephone. The employee, who identified himself only as Ridwan, said he did not know when broadcasts would resume but added that as long as there were no security guarantees, it would stay off the air. The RRI office was attacked on Friday by hundreds of people who also laid waste the local offices of the state shipping company PT Pelni, police said. "The offices of the RRI and Pelni, including at the port, were damaged in the riot yesterday (Friday) but technically, they can still operate," Sergeant Sarmun of the Fakfak police said. "The city has been calm and there was no report of violence or large gatherings of people," Sarmun said, adding shops were open for business. He declined to say what had sparked the rioting in town on Friday. The Detikcom online news service gave three different versions of the incident that sparked the rioting. One version had it that some people from the Moluccan island of Seram were manhandled shortly after arrival by boat at the port of Fakfak by a private Irianese militia members checking the identity of newcomers. Another said the attack on the RRI office followed leaflets calling for people not to apply for government jobs because no Irianese should work for a government other than their own in an independent Irian Jaya. Yet another version said the RRI was attacked because it still used the term Irian Jaya and not Papua as had been agreed by Indonesian President Abdurrahman Wahid while visiting the province on New Year's day. The new name of the province is yet to be adopted by the legislature. Sarmun said no one had been arrested so far. Calls for an independent West Papua state in Irian Jaya have been on the rise since the fall of president Suharto in May 1998. Suharto's successor B.J. Habibie had been vague about the independence demand in Irian Jaya while Wahid, who took over in October, has flatly rejected any attempt at Irian Jaya breaking away. +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ TAPOL, the Indonesia Human Rights Campaign 111 Northwood Road, Thornton Heath, Surrey CR7 8HW, UK Phone: 0181 771-2904 Fax: 0181 653-0322 email: tapol@gn.apc.org Internet: www.gn.apc.org/tapol Campaigning to expose human rights violations in Indonesia, East Timor, West Papua and Aceh 26 years - and still going strong ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ To: kabar-irian@irja.org From: Admin Subject: [ID] Situasi Asrama Mahasiswa Papua Di Yogya Membaik Cc: Bcc: X-Attachments: SITUASI ASRAMA MAHASISWA PAPUA BARAT DI YOGYA MEMBAIK Oleh: Ottis Simopiaref osimopiaref@netscape.net 31 Januari 2000 Situasi asrama Mahasiswa Papua Barat di jalan Kusumanegara Yogyakarta yan= g nyaris dibakar oleh orang-orang tak dikenal telah membaik. Diduga, para provokator adalah sebagian suporter kesebelasan PSIM. Satuan BRIMOB yang berjaga-jaga sejak 20 Januari telah meninggalkan Asram= a Papua karena keadaan telah menjadi kondusif. Namun, penghuni asrama sema= kin meningkatkan tingkat kewaspadaan sehubungan dengan issue yang berkembanga= n di luar asrama tentang serangan lebih lanjut dari kelompok provokator mister= ius. Yogyakarta selama seminggu terakhir ini dilanda teror kelompok provokator= misterius. Kamis (20/1) berlangsung pertandingan antara kesebelasan PSIM Yogyakarta melawan Persipura Numbay yang berakhir dengan 1-1. Sebagian pendukung PS= IM lepas kontrol ketika Andy Setyono dari titik penalti pada menit-menit terakhir berhasil mebobolkan gol Persipura. Sementara menyambut gol mereka melemp= ari para pendukung Persipura. Lemparan itu dibalas oleh suporter Persipura y= ang sebagian besar adalah mahasiswa Papua yang sedang belajar di Yogyakarta. Bentrokan itu berhasil diatasi oleh pihak keamanan. Sekitar 10 menit sebelum pertandingan usai sekelompok orang tak dikenal melempari gedung asrama mahasiswa Papua. Beberapa jendela kaca dihancurk= an dan papan nama bertuliskan Asrama Mahasiswa Papua Barat dicabut dan dibua= ng ke tengah jalan. Ketika itu hanya dua orang mahasiswa Papua yang berada di dalam asrama sedangkan selebihnya pergi ke Stadion sepak bola Mandala Krida. P= ada saat kelompok provokator hendak membakar asrama, mereka dipergoki oleh kelompok mahasiswa Papua Barat yang baru saja kembali dari Stadion. "Kami sangat menyesalkan dan kecewa atas perusakan asrama itu. Kami menu= ntut agar papan nama diganti baru dan menuntut pihak yang bertanggung-jawab meminta maaf secara terbuka. Kami beri waktu 24 jam terhitung sejak pukul 18.00 Kamis. Kami menunggu reaksi apakah itu dari PSIM maupun Pemda. Jika tid= ak dipenuhi, kami akan memakai cara lain," kata Samuel Kambu. Sebaliknya Triyandi, ketua panitia, mengatakan "Sampai sekarang, saya bel= um menerima tuntutan dari mereka. Sebaliknya, malah penonton dan masyarakat= Yogya yang datang menuntut minta ganti rugi, karena motornya dirusak supo= rter Persipura. Itu pun tidak bisa saya penuhi, karena memang bukan tanggung-jawab panitia". Ketua Umum PSIM yang juga Bupati Bantul, Drs Idham Samawi ikut mengangkat= suara "Ini merupakan pengalaman buruk yang seharusnya tidak perlu terjadi= ". Tujuan mereka nonton bola sebenarnya kan untuk mencari kegembiraan, kok justru malah begitu," ujarnya. Fredrik Wakum, anggota Tim 100 Papua yang bertemu dengan Habibie 26 Febru= ari 1999, mengirimkan surat kepada presiden RI untuk memohon penanganan denga= n segera perselihan yang terjadi antara mahasiswa Papua dengan masyarakat Yogyakarta. Surat yang sama ditujukan kepada Wapres, Ketua DPR RI, Komna= s HAM, GKI-Papua, Elsham-Papua dan SEKKP Numbay. Fredrik mengungkapkan bahwa kelompok provokator sedang menggalang kekuata= n dengan mendekati masyarakat Yogyakarta untuk mengadakan penyerangan lebih= lanjut terhadap mahasiswa Papua Barat. Beberapa satuan Brimob sedang berjaga-jaga di depan asrama mahasiswa Papu= a, tulis Fredrik. Peristiwa di atas sempat dimuat dua hari berturut-turut (21 dan 22 Jan) o= leh harian Bernas Yogyakarta pada rubrik Berita Utama. Semoga Gubernur Papua, Fredy Numbery, segera mengambil langkah tertentu u= ntuk melindungi warganya di Yogyakarta. Pada pertandingan hari Minggu (23/1) di Stadion Manahan Solo, Persipura dikalahkan oleh kesebelasan Pelita Solo. (Suara Merdeka, 24/1) Sumber: * Bernas, Yogyakarta * Fredrik Wakum, Yogyakarta ____________________________________________________________________ Get your own FREE, personal Netscape WebMail account today at http://webm= ail.netscape.com. To: kabar-irian@irja.org From: Admin Subject: [ID] FAKFAK: Kerusuhan di Fakfak-Papua Cc: Bcc: X-Attachments: From: Ottis Simopiaref Detikcom, Jumat, 28/1/2000 ; 23:44 WIB Kerusuhan Fakfak, Bermula Dari Pengumuman Pegawai Negeri Reporter: Ananda Ismail = detikcom - Jakarta, Ada versi lain tentang sebab kerusuhan di Fakfak. Ter= nyata sebabnya justru dari pengumuman penerimaan pegawai negeri lewat RRI Fakfa= k. Beberapa orang Papua lalu menempelkan selebaran menuntut kemerdekaan. Lho= ? = Tidak lama setelah pengumuman penerimaan calon pegawai di RRI Fakfak, beb= erapa orang Papua bereaksi dengan menempel selebaran di tembok-tembok toko, yan= g isinya menyerukan kepada orang Papua asli maupun yang berdomisili di Tana= h Papua agar tidak mendaftarkan diri. = Alasannya, menurut sebuah sumber, karena yang dikehendaki rakyat Papua ad= alah kemerdekaan, bukan otonomi penuh atau lainnya. Penyelenggaraan pendaftara= n pegawai negeri baru dianggap bertentangan dengan kehendak rakyat Papua. Bahkan, setiap orang yang membaca selebaran tadi dilarang dilarang merobe= knya. Menurut Kasat Intel Polres Fakfak Letda Yan Rebai, pemicu lainnya juga ka= rena kedatangan K.M Shinta dari Seram sekitar pukul 07.15 WIT. Seperti biasa, setiap pendatang yang turun di pelabuhan Fakfak diperiksa oleh satgas Pap= ua Barat. Yang diperiksa adalah KTP dan alasan datang Fakfak. = Namun lanjut Yan, entah mengapa karena pemeriksaan dinilai terlalu kasar,= orang-orang Seram marah dan terjadi pertengkaran, kemudian satgas Papua y= ang jumlahnya sedikit dipukuli dan dikejar oleh orang-orang Seram. "Orang-ora= ng satgas Papua melarikan diri," jelas Yan kepada detikcom pukul 00.30 WIT, = Sabtu (29/1/2000). = Tak lama kemudian, lanjut Yan, pukul 08.30 WIT sekitar seribu orang Papua= kembali ke pelabuhan dalam jumlah lebih banyak. Mereka kecewa karena tida= k menemukan orang-orang Seram, lalu melakukan perusakan terhadap Kantor Pel= ni di pelabuhan Fakfak. Mereka masuk ke dalam kantor dan menghancurkan semua peralatan kantor, komputer, mesin tik, dan lain-lain. = Setelah itu, mereka menuju ke kantor Pelni di kota. Nasib kantor Pelni in= i mengalami nasib yang sama. Dari sana, ujar Yan, mereka menuju ke gedung R= RI, dan menyerbu masuk. Sebagian kantor RRI mengalami kerusakan oleh massa. = Orang-orang Papua itu marah juga karena RRI dalam pengumumannya masih tet= ap memakai sebutan "Irian Jaya" bukan "Papua". Beberapa orang mengalami luka= -luka ringan dan cukup berat. Saat ini RRI Fakfak sudah menghentikan siarannya.= = Namun menurut Yan, sekitar pukul 14.00 WIT, massa sudah bubar. Pada pukul= 15.00, Polres, Dandim, Muspida dan beberapa tokoh masyarakat berkumpul un= tuk membicarakan tindak lanjut kerusuhan. Aparat beserta tokoh masyarakat kem= udian mengimbau masyarakat untuk tenang dan tidak terpancing situasi yang berkembang. = Hingga berita ini diturunkan situasi di Fakfak masih mencekam. Pertokoan = telah dijaga sejumlah polisi. Aparat kepolisian tampak menjaga lokasi-lokasi ya= ng dirusak massa, seperti kantor Pelni dan RRI Fakfak. = Di pusat kota, aparat juga melakukan patroli namun tidak diberlakukan jam= malam. Rencananya, Sabtu besok (29/1/2000), pihak keamanan akan mencabut selebaran-selebaran kemerdekaan yang ditempel orang-orang Papua. = Dari: BRT, Jakarta ****************************** OTTIS SIMOPIAREF Van Uvenweg 134-I 6707 BH Wageningen The Netherlands Ph.: +31.6.25575496 Email: osimopiaref@netscape.net FREE West Papua from the Indonesian Colonialism ****************************** ____________________________________________________________________ Get your own FREE, personal Netscape WebMail account today at http://webm= ail.netscape.com. To: kabar-irian@irja.org From: Admin Subject: [ID]SERUI: Rakyat Serui Duduki Gedung DPRD Cc: Bcc: X-Attachments: From: Ottis Simopiaref Detikcom, Kamis, 20/1/2000 Pendatang Jadi Bupati Ribuan Rakyat Serui 'Duduki' DPRD Reporter: MH. Imran = detikcom - Jayapura, Ribuan rakyat kabupaten Serui, Irian Jaya, Rabu (1= 9/1) sejak pukul 11.00 WIT, usai pemilihan bupati menduduki kantor DPRD setemp= at. Mereka memprotes pemilihan bupati Serui yang dianggap tak memperhatikan perasaan suku setempat. = Pasalnya bupati yang terpilih adalah Drs Muhammad Nawawi (wakil ketua Bappeda Irja) dengan meraih 11 suara. Sementara putra setempat Drs E Fona= taba hanya meraih 5 suara. = Rasa tak puas masyarakat itu karena dipicu sentiman ke daerahan yang sa= ngat kental. Pasalnya Nawawi yang terpilih adalah orang pendatang yang berasal= dari Aceh. Sementara Fonataba yang asli suku Serui justru tersingkir di kandan= g sendiri. = Namun demikian, Nawawi sebenarnya dianggap figur yang paling pas. Nawaw= i merupakan figur yang bisa mengakomodir semua kepentingan orang-orang Seru= i. Sebab dialah figur yang dianggap netral, pasalnya lelaki Aceh tersebut te= lah beristrikan suku setempat. = Toh protes jalan terus. Dan akibat pendudukan itu, para anggota dewan y= ang jumlahnya 22 langsung kabur dan tak berani muncul. Beberapa pendukung Fon= ataba malah mengancam akan membakar gedung DPRD jika pemilihan bupati tak di ul= ang. Sementara itu Wakil Gubernur Irian Jaya Drs JRG Djopari MA kepada detik= com, Rabu (19/1/2000) pukul 13.00 WIT, usai pelantikan notaris Theresia Ponto = SH, mengatakan bahwa pemilihan bupati yang memilih bukan orang papua, merupak= an kesalahan DPRD setempat. Sebab sejak dini diingatkan, bahwa jika memungki= nkan pilihlah figur setempat yang lebih dikenal masyarakat. = ''Bagaimana orang Papua mau maju, kalau jabatan di daerahnya harus dija= bat pendatang. Cara-cara begini membuat orang Papua minta merdeka dan bikin disintegrais bangsa,'' ujarnya dengan nada keras. = Wagub bidang administrasi dan pemerintahan itu, juga menegaskan, proses= pemilihan bupati Serui harus dibatalkan. Jika tidak dibatalkan akan berda= mpak buruk.''Emosi masyarakat saat ini sangat tinggi, apalagi menyangkut kedaerahan,'' ungkapnya saat dikonfirmasi. = Kabupaten Serui atau Yapen Waropen merupakan daerah asal Menteri Pendayagunaan Aparatur Negara (Menpan) Freddy Numberi. Saat pemilihan pag= i tadi, Freddy sedang berada di kabupaten tersebut untuk mengadakan pertemu= an dengan berbagai kepala-kepala suku guna mensosialisasikan pertemuan presi= den dengan masyarakat Serui. Selain di Serui, Menteri juga melakukan perjalan= an ke beberapa kabupaten, antara lain Biak, Sorong dan Manokwari. = Dari: BRT, Jakarta ****************************** OTTIS SIMOPIAREF Van Uvenweg 134-I 6707 BH Wageningen The Netherlands Ph.: +31.6.25575496 Email: osimopiaref@netscape.net FREE West Papua from the Indonesian Colonialism ****************************** ____________________________________________________________________ Get your own FREE, personal Netscape WebMail account today at http://webm= ail.netscape.com. To: kabar-irian@irja.org From: Admin Subject: [ID] FAKFAK: RRI Fakfak Absen Dari Udara Cc: Bcc: X-Attachments: From: Ottis Simopiaref Detikcom, Sabtu, 29/1/2000 ; 09:14 WIB Buntut Kerusuhan = RRI Fakfak Absen Dari Udara Reporter: Nurul Qomariyah = detikcom - Jakarta, Kerusuhan yang melanda Kabupaten Fakfak, Irian Jaya, = Jumat (28/1/2000) telah menyebabkan kerusakan berbagai fasilitas fisik stasiun = RRI Fakfak. Alhasil, stasiun tersebut tidak mengudara untuk sementara. = Hingga hari ini, Sabtu (29/1/2000), RRI Fakfak masih absen dari udara. = Salah seorang staf RRI Fakfak, Salim Pelu, yang dihubungi oleh detikcom, Sabtu (29/1/2000) pagi menyatakan mereka belum tahu sampai kapan akan siaran kembali. "Kita menunggu sampai ada jaminan keamanan dari pihak yang berwenang," kata Salim. = Kondisi kantor RRI juga rusak parah. Kaca-kaca pecah, namun peralatan siarannya tak mengalami kerusakan. Salim juga menjelaskan bahwa saat ini = RRI Fakfak tersebut tak lagi dijaga oleh aparat sebagaimana kemarin. Sementar= a saat ini karyawannya nyaris tak ada. Hanya terlihat satu dua orang untuk berjaga-jaga. = Cerita versi RRI mengenai kerusuhan tersebut, menurut Salim adalah kare= na adanya tuntutan yang tidak disiarkan sehingga memancing kemarahan orang-o= rang Papua. "Karena pemberitaan yang diminta itu bertentangan dengan kebijakan= pemerintah daerah," kata Salim yang setiap harinya menjadi operator RRI F= akfak ini = Sementara itu, kantor Pelni Fakfak yang juga dirusak massa kemarin, saa= t ini masih beroperasi seperti biasa meski kondisi kantor dalam kondisi rusak p= arah. "Habis bagaimana, kapal-kapal kan terus masuk. Masak kita diamkan," kata Albert Tethool, Kepala Cabang PT Pelni Fakfak kepada detikcom Sabtu (29/1/2000). = Menurut Albert, saat ini para karyawan Pelni tersebut sedang bersih-ber= sih. "Soalnya kami rusak berat. Hampir semua peralatan termasuk komputer dirus= ak," ujar Albert. = Namun ketika ditanya mengenai detail kerusuhan Jumat (28/1/2000), Alber= t menolak untuk menjelaskan dengan alasan sudah memberikan keterangan secar= a tertulis kepada kantor Pelni pusat. "Laporannya sudah masuk ke pusat. Jad= i silahkan anda menghubungi kantor pusat," pinta Albert. = Dari: BRT, Jakarta ****************************** OTTIS SIMOPIAREF Van Uvenweg 134-I 6707 BH Wageningen The Netherlands Ph.: +31.6.25575496 Email: osimopiaref@netscape.net FREE West Papua from the Indonesian Colonialism ****************************** ____________________________________________________________________ Get your own FREE, personal Netscape WebMail account today at http://webm= ail.netscape.com. To: kabar-irian@irja.org From: Admin Subject: FAKFAK: Kerusuhan Fakfak Irian Jaya, Berkaitan Dengan Pemilihan Bupati Cc: Bcc: X-Attachments: From: Ottis Simopiaref Detikcom, 29/1/2000 18:21 WIB Kerusuhan Fakfak Irian Jaya, Berkaitan Dengan Pemilihan Bupati Koresponden: MH Imran detikcom - Jayapura, Situasi Fakfak sudah pulih. Kini, kerusuhan yang pec= ah sejak jumat pagi, dicari akar masalahnya yang sangat kompleks. Selain soa= l pengungsi dari Seram Maluku, kerusuhan juga berkaitan dengan proses pemilihan Bupati Fakfak. Saat ini di Kota Fakfak sedang dilakukan proses pemilihan Bupati untuk mengantikan Kolonel Suparlan Pasambuna yang ditarik Kodam XVII/Trikora karena dinilai tak mampu serta ditolak oleh masyarakat Fakfak. Nah, karena Fakfak merupakan perpaduan etnis Maluku dan Irian/Papua, dima= na mayoritas penduduknya adalah muslim. Maka sebagian etnis tersebut menginginkan bupati adalah beragama Islam. Sementara itu kelompok Papua a= tau penduduk setempat menginginkan jabatan itu dikuasai oleh orang Irian/Papu= a yang beragama Kristen. Namun hal itu tak diinginkan kelompok etnis lainnya. Mereka beranggapan Ketua DPRD Fakfak yang saat ini dijabat Drs Fredy Iba beragama Kristen, m= aka seharusnya jabatan Bupati dipegang dari kalangan Islam. Proses pemilihan Bupati Fakfak, akan dilakukan antara tanggal 1 dan 2 Februari mendatang. Sedangkan masalah penerimaan pegawai, bukanlah pemicunya. menurut Sekwild= a Irian Jaya Ir. Progo Nurdjaman kepada detikcom, Sabtu (29/1/2000) usai pertemuan antara Bupati se-Irian Jaya di Jayapura menyatakan, masalah penerimaan pegawai bukan pemicu. Sebab Pemda Irian Jaya saat ini memang sedang membuka pendaftaran pegawai= di seluruh kabupaten, dengan setiap kabupaten telah mendapatkan alokasi pegawai. Khusus kota Fakfak mendapat jatah 44 orang pegawai. Sedangkan pendaftaran yang sebelumnya ditutup 29 Januari, akan diperpanjang hingga = 4 Februari. "Salah satunya mungkin masalah insiden di dermaga itu,'' ujarny= a singkat. Sekadar tahu, Jumat (28/1/2000) kota Fakfak Irian Jaya rusuh gara-gara pengumuman pegawai negeri. Massa menyatakan tak butuh pegawai negeri, kar= ena yang diinginkan Papua Merdeka. Tak lama ada kapal dari Seram. Sekelompok orang melakukan razia secara kasar sehingga orang yang datang dari Seram marah dan ribut, lalu terjadilah kerusuhan luas. Sementara itu, berdasarkan laporan dari Fakfak, bibit-bibit kerusuhan mem= ang sudah terbaca. Beberapa hari sebelumnya, yakni 24 Januari terjadi pengiba= ran bendera Papua Barat Bintang Kejora di Kecamatan Kokas, 25 Januari juga terjadi pengibaran bendera di kecamatan Werba, kemudian 26 Januari juga terjadi pengibaran bendera di kecamatan Sangram di Fakfak Timur. Kemudian 26 Januari terjadi pertemuan tokoh masyarakat dan tokoh adat di gedung DPRD Fakfak, dimana telah disepakati untuk melarang KM Shinta masu= k ke kota Fakfak yang mengangkut pengungsi guna menghindari masuknya pengun= gsi asal Maluku yang dapat menciptakan persoalan baru di Fakfak. Kemudian tanggal 27 Januari, masyarakat mendatangi kantor Bupati dan DPRD= Fakfak agar membatalkan penerimaan pegawai dilingkungan pemda Fakfak kala= u yang diterima hanya 44 orang, jika memang memungkinkan seharusnya yang diterima lebih dari 44 orang. ****************************** OTTIS SIMOPIAREF Van Uvenweg 134-I 6707 BH Wageningen The Netherlands Ph.: +31.6.25575496 Email: osimopiaref@netscape.net FREE West Papua from the Indonesian Colonialism ****************************** ____________________________________________________________________ Get your own FREE, personal Netscape WebMail account today at http://webm= ail.netscape.com. To: kabar-irian@irja.org From: Admin Subject: [ID] Dasar-dasar perjuangan Papua Cc: Bcc: X-Attachments: Port Numbay, 31 Januari 2000 Salam DASAR DASAR PERJUANGAN KEMERDEKAAN PAPUA BARAT Mengapa rakyat Papua Barat ingin merdeka di luar Indonesia? Mengapa rakyat Papua Barat masih tetap meneruskan perjuangan mereka? Kapan mereka mau berhenti berjuang? Ada empat faktor yang mendasari keinginan rakyat Papua Barat untuk memili= ki negara sendiri yang merdeka dan berdaulat di luar penjajahan manapun, yai= tu: 1. hak 2. budaya 3. latarbelakang sejarah 4. realitas sekarang ad 1. Hak Kemerdekaan adalah =BBhak=AB berdasarkan Deklarasi Universal HAM (Univers= al Declaration on Human Rights) yang menjamin hak-hak individu dan berdasark= an Konvenant Internasional Hak-Hak Sipil dan Politik yang menjamin hak-hak kolektif di dalam mana hak penentuan nasib sendiri (the right to self-determination) ditetapkan. =BBAll peoples have the right of self-determination. By virtue of that ri= ght they freely determine their political status and freely pursue their economic, social and cultural development - Semua bangsa memiliki hak penentuan nasib sendiri. Atas dasar mana mereka bebas menentukan status politik mereka dan bebas melaksanakan pembangunan ekonomi dan budaya mere= ka=AB (International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, Article 1). Nation is used in the meaning of People (Roethof 1951:2) and can be distinguished from the concept State - Bangsa digunakan dalam arti Rakyat= (Roethof 1951:2) dan dapat dibedakan dari konsep Negara (Riop Report No.1= ). = Riop menulis bahwa sebuah negara dapat mencakup beberapa bangsa, maksudny= a kebangsaan atau rakyat (A state can include several nations, meaning Nationalities or Peoples). Ada dua jenis the right to self-determination (hak penentuan nasib sendiri), yaitu external right to self-determination dan internal right t= o self-determination. External right to self-determination merupakan hak penentuan nasib sendiri untuk mendirikan negara baru di luar suatu negara yang telah ada. Contoh: hak penentuan nasib sendiri untuk memiliki negara Papua Barat di luar negara Indonesia. External right to self-determination, or rather self-determination of nationalities, is the right of every nation to buil= d its own state or decide whether or not it will join another state, partly= or wholly (Roethof 1951:46) - Hak penentuan nasib sendiri secara external, a= tau sebaiknya disebut penentuan nasib sendiri bangsa-bangsa, adalah hak dari setiap bangsa untuk membentuk negara sendiri atau memutuskan apakah berga= bung atau tidak dengan negara lain, sebagian atau seluruhnya (Riop Report No.1= ). Jadi, rakyat Papua Barat dapat juga memutuskan untuk berintegrasi ke dala= m negara tetangga Papua New Guinea. Internal right to self-determination merupakan hak penentuan nasib sendiri bagi sekelompok etnis atau bangsa untuk memiliki daerah kekuasaan= tertentu di dalam batas negara yang telah ada. Suatu kelompok etnis atau suatu bangsa berhak menjalankan pemerintahan sendiri, di dalam batas negara yan= g ada, berdasarkan agama, bahasa dan budaya yang dimilikinya. Di Indonesia dikenal Daerah Istimewa Jogyakarta dan Daerah Istimewa Aceh. Pemerintah daerah-daerah semacam ini biasanya dilimpahi kekuasaan otonomi ataupun kekuasaan federal. Sayangnya, Jogyakarta dan Aceh belum pernah menikmati otonomi yang adalah haknya. ad 2. Budaya Rakyat Papua Barat, per definisi, merupakan bagian dari rumpun bangsa ata= u ras Melanesia yang berada di Pasifik, bukan ras Melayu di Asia. Rakyat Pa= pua Barat memiliki budaya Melanesia. Bangsa Melanesia mendiami kepulauan Papu= a (Papua Barat dan Papua New Guinea), Bougainville, Solomons, Vanuatu, Kana= ky (nama pribumi untuk Kaledonia Baru) dan Fiji. Timor dan Maluku, menurut antropologi, juga merupakan bagian dari Melanesia. Sedangkan ras Melayu terdiri dari Jawa, Sunda, Batak, Bali, Dayak, Makassar, Bugis, Menado, da= n lain-lain. Menggunakan istilah ras di sini sama sekali tidak bermaksud bahwa saya menganjurkan rasisme. Juga, saya tidak bermaksud menganjurkan nasionalism= e superior ala Adolf Hitler (diktator Jerman pada Perang Dunia II). Adolf Hitler menganggap bahwa ras Aria (bangsa Germanika) merupakan manusia sup= er yang lebih tinggi derajat dan kemampuan berpikirnya daripada manusia asal= ras lain. Rakyat Papua Barat sebagai bagian dari bangsa Melanesia merujuk pada pandangan Roethof sebagaimana terdapat pada ad 1 di atas. ad 3. Latarbelakang Sejarah Indonesia dan Papua Barat keduanya merupakan bagian dari Hindia Belanda, = tapi kedua bangsa ini sungguh tidak memiliki garis paralel maupun hubungan politik sepanjang sejarah manusia. Pertama: Sebelum adanya penjajahan asing, setiap suku, yang telah mendiami Papua Barat sejak lebih dari 50.000 tahun silam, dipimpin oleh kepala-kepala suku (tribal leaders). Untuk beberapa daerah, setiap kepala= suku dipilih secara demokratis sedangkan di beberapa daerah lainnya kepala suk= u diangkat secara turun-temurun. Di Biak, hingga tahun 1960an orang masih mengenal Kankain Karkara sebagai lembaga legeslatif yang dibentuk secara demokratis. = Setiap kepala kampung di Biak dipilih secara demokratis. Sekarang rakyat Papua di Biak kembali mengaktifkan Kankain Karkara. Di Numbay (nama pribu= mi untuk Jayapura) orang masih mengenal Ondofolo dan Ondoafi sebagai kepala = suku yang ditunjuk secara turun-temurun. Dari dalam tingkat pemerintahan tradisional di Papua Barat tidak terdapat garis politik vertikal dengan kerajaan-kerajaan kuno di Indonesia ketika itu. Kedua: Rakyat Papua Barat memiliki sejarah yang berbeda dengan Indonesia dalam menentang penjajahan Belanda dan Jepang. Misalnya, gerakan Koreri d= i Biak dan sekitarnya, yang pada awal tahun 1940-an aktif menentang kekuasa= an Jepang dan Belanda, tidak memiliki garis komando dengan gerakan kemerdeka= an di Indonesia ketika itu. Gerakan Koreri, di bawah pimpinan Stefanus Simopiar= ef dan Angganita Menufandu, lahir berdasarkan kesadaran pribadi bangsa Melan= esia di Biak dan sekitarnya untuk memerdekakan diri di luar penjajahan asing. Ketiga: Lamanya penjajahan Belanda di Indonesia tidak sama dengan lamanya= penjajahan Belanda di Papua Barat. Indonesia dijajah oleh Belanda selama sekitar 350 tahun dan berakhir ketika Belanda mengakui kemerdekaan Indone= sia pada 27 Desember 1949. Papua Barat, secara politik praktis, dijajah oleh Belanda selama 64 tahun (1898-1962). Keempat: Batas negara Indonesia menurut proklamasi kemerdekaan Indonesia pada 17 Agustus 1945 adalah dari =BBAceh sampai Ambon=AB, bukan dari =BBS= abang sampai Merauke=AB. Mohammed Hatta (almarhum), wakil presiden pertama RI, bersama kawan-kawannya justru menentang dimasukkannya Papua Barat ke dala= m Indonesia (lihat Karkara lampiran I, pokok Hindia Belanda oleh Ottis Simopiaref). Kelima: Pada Konferensi Meja Bundar (24 Agustus - 2 November 1949) di kota Den Haag (Belanda) telah dimufakati bersama oleh pemerintah Belanda = dan Indonesia bahwa Papua Barat tidak merupakan bagian dari negara Republik Indonesia Serikat (RIS). Status Nieuw-Guinea akan ditetapkan oleh kedua p= ihak setahun kemudian. (Lihat lampiran II pada Karkara oleh Ottis Simopiaref).= Keenam: Papua Barat pernah mengalami proses dekolonisasi di bawah pemerintahan Belanda. Papua Barat telah memiliki bendera national =BBKejo= ra=AB, =BBHai Tanahku Papua=AB sebagai lagu kebangsaan dan nama negara =BBPapua = Barat=AB. = Simbol-simbol kenegaraan ini ditetapkan oleh New Guinea Raad / NGR (Dewan= New Guinea). NGR didirikan pada tanggal 5 April 1961 secara demokratis oleh rakyat Papua Barat bekerjasama dengan pemerintah Belanda. Nama negara, la= gu kebangsaan serta bendera telah diakui oleh seluruh rakyat Papua Barat dan= pemerintah Belanda. Ketujuh: Dari 1 Oktober 1962 hingga 1 Mei 1963, Papua Barat merupakan daerah perwalian PBB di bawah United Nations Temporary Executive Authorit= y (UNTEA) dan dari tahun 1963 hingga 1969, Papua Barat merupakan daerah perselisihan internasional (international dispute region). Kedua aspek in= i menggaris-bawahi sejarah Papua Barat di dunia politik internasional dan sekaligus menunjukkan perbedaannya dengan perkembangan sejarah Indonesia bahwa kedua bangsa ini tidak saling memiliki hubungan sejarah. Kedelapan: Pernah diadakan plebisit (Pepera) pada tahun 1969 di Papua Barat yang hasilnya diperdebatkan di dalam Majelis Umum PBB. Beberapa neg= ara anggota PBB tidak setuju dengan hasil Pepera (Penentuan Pendapat Rakyat) karena hanya merupakan hasil rekayasa pemerintah Indonesia. Adanya masala= h Papua Barat di atas agenda Majelis Umum PBB menggaris-bawahi nilai sejara= h Papua Barat di dunia politik internasional. Ketidaksetujuan beberapa anggota PBB dan kesalahan PBB dalam menerima hasil Pepera merupakan motiv= asi untuk menuntut agar PBB kembali memperbaiki sejarah yang salah. Kesalahan= itu sungguh melanggar prinsip-prinsip PBB sendiri. (Silahkan lihat lebih lanj= ut pokok tentang Pepera dalam Karkara oleh Ottis Simopiaref). Kesembilan: Rakyat Papua Barat, melalui pemimpin-pemimpin mereka, sejak awal telah menyampaikan berbagai pernyataan politik untuk menolak menjadi= bagian dari RI. Frans Kaisiepo (almarhum), bekas gubernur Irian Barat, pa= da konferensi Malino 1946 di Sulawesi Selatan, menyatakan dengan jelas bahwa= rakyatnya tidak ingin dihubungkan dengan sebuah negara RI (Plunder in Paradise oleh Anti-Slavery Society). Johan Ariks (alm.), tokoh populer rakyat Papu= a Barat pada tahun 1960-an, menyampaikan secara tegas perlawanannya terhada= p masuknya Papua Barat ke dalam Indonesia (Plunder in Paradise oleh Anti-Slavery Society). Angganita Menufandu (alm.) dan Stefanus Simopiaref (alm.) dari Gerakan Koreri, Raja Ati Ati (alm.) dari Fakfak, L.R. Jakadewa (alm.) dar= i DVP-Demokratische Volkspartij, Lodewijk Mandatjan (alm.) dan Obeth Manupa= pami dari PONG-Persatuan Orang Nieuw-Guinea, Barend Mandatjan (alm.), Ferry Aw= om (alm.) dari Batalyon Papua, Jufuway (alm.), Arnold Ap (alm.), Eliezer Bon= ay (alm.), Adolf Menase Suwae (alm.), Dr. Thomas Wainggai (alm.), Nicolaas Jouwe, Markus Wonggor Kaisiepo dan lain-lainnya dengan cara masing-masing, pada = saat yang berbeda dan kadang-kadang di tempat yang berbeda memprotes adanya penjajahan asing di Papua Barat. ad 4. Realitas Sekarang Rakyat Papua Barat menyadari dirinya sendiri sebagai bangsa yang terjajah= sejak adanya kekuasaan asing di Papua Barat. Kesadaran tersebut tetap menjadi kuat dari waktu ke waktu bahwa rakyat Papua Barat memiliki identi= tas tersendiri yang berbeda dengan bangsa lain. Di samping itu, penyandaran d= iri setiap kali pada identitas pribadi yang adalah dasar perjuangan, merupaka= n akibat dari kekejaman praktek-praktek kolonialisme Indonesia. Perlawanan menjadi semakin keras sebagai akibat dari (1) penindasan yang brutal, (2)= adanya ruang-gerak yang semakin luas di mana seseorang dapat mengemukakan= pendapat secara bebas dan (3) membanjirnya informasi yang masuk tentang sejarah Papua Barat. Rakyat Papua Barat semakin mengetahui dan mengenal sejarah mereka. Kesadaran merupakan basis untuk mentransformasikan realit= as, sebagaimana almarhum Paulo Freire (profesor Brasilia dalam ilmu pendidika= n) menulis. Semangat juang menjadi kuat sebagai akibat dari kesadaran itu sendiri. Pada tahun 1984 terjadi exodus besar-besaran ke negara tetangga Papua New= Guinea dan empat pemuda Papua yaitu Joop Roemajauw, Ottis Simopiaref, Lot= h Sarakan (alm.) dan John Rumbiak (alm.) memasuki kedutaan besar Belanda di= Jakarta untuk meminta suaka politik. Permintaan suaka politik ke kedubes Belanda merupakan yang pertama di dalam sejarah Papua Barat. Gerakan yang= dimotori Kelompok Musik-Tari Tradisional, Mambesak (bahasa Biak untuk Cendrawasih) di bawah pimpinan Arnold Ap (alm.) merupakan manifestasi pol= itik anti penjajahan yang dikategorikan terbesar sejak tahun 1969. Kebanyakan anggota Mambesak mengungsi dan berdomisili di Papua New Guinea sedangkan sebagian kecil masih berada dan aktif di Papua Barat. Dr. Thomas Wainggai (alm.) memimpin aksi damai besar pada tanggal 14 Desember 1988 dengan memproklamirkan kemerdekaan negara Melanesia Barat (Papua Barat). Setahun kemudian pada tanggal yang sama diadakan lagi aksi= damai di Numbai (nama pribumi untuk Jayapura) untuk memperingati 14 Desember. Dr. Thom Wainggai dijatuhkan hukuman penjara selama 20 tahun, namun beliau kemudian meninggal secara misterius di penjara Cipinang. Papua Barat dilanda berbagai protes besar-besaran selama tahun 1996. Tembagapura bergelora bagaikan air mendidih selama tiga hari (11-13 Maret= ). Numbai terbakar tanggal 18 Maret menyusul tibanya mayat Thom Wainggai. Nabire dijungkir-balik selama 2 hari (2-3 Juli). Salah satu dari aksi damai terbesar terjadi awal Juli 1998 di Biak, Numbai, Sorong dan Wamena, kemudian di Manokwari. Salah satu pemimpin dar= i gerakan bulan Juli 1998 adalah Drs. Phillip Karma. Drs. P. Karma bersama beberapa temannya sedang ditahan di penjara Samofa, Biak sambil menjalani= proses pengadilan. Gerakan Juli 1998 merupakan yang terbesar karena mencakup daerah luas yan= g serentak bergerak dan memiliki jumlah massa yang besar. Gerakan Juli 1998= terorganisir dengan baik dibanding gerakan-gerakan sebelumnya. Di samping= itu, Gerakan Juli 1998 dapat menarik perhatian dunia melalui media massa sehingga beberapa kedutaan asing di Jakarta menyampaikan peringatan kepad= a TNI agar menghentikan kebrutalan mereka di Papua Barat. Berkat Gerakan Ju= li 1998 Papua Barat telah menjadi issue yang populer di Indonesia dewasa ini= =2E Di samping sukses yang telah dicapai terdapat duka yang paling dalam bahw= a menurut laporan dari PGI (Persekutuan Gereja Indonesia) lebih dari 140 or= ang dinyatakan hilang dan kebanyakan mayat mereka telah ditemukan terdampar d= i Biak. Menurut laporan tersebut, banyak wanita yang diperkosa sebelum mere= ka ditembak mati. Realitas penuh dengan represi, darah, pemerkosaan, penganiayaan dan pembunuhan, namun perjuangan tetap akan dilanjutkan. Rakyat Papua Barat menyadari dan mengenali realitas mereka sendiri. Mereka telah mencicipi betapa pahitnya realitias itu. Mereka hidup di dalam dan dengan suatu dun= ia yang penuh dengan ketidakadilan, namun kata-kata Martin Luther King masih= disenandungkan di mana-mana bahwa =BBWe shall overcome someday!=AB (Kita = akan menang suatu ketika!). Masa depan: Tidak diikut-sertakannya rakyat Papua Barat sebagai subjek masalah di dal= am Konferensi Meja Bundar, New York Agreement yang mendasari Act of Free Cho= ice, Roma Agreement dan lain-lainnya merupakan pelecehan hak penentuan nasib sendiri yang dilakukan oleh pemerintah (state violence) dalam hal ini pemerintah Indonesia dan Belanda. (Untuk Roma Agreement, silahkan melihat= lampiran pada Karkara oleh Ottis Simopiaref). Rakyat Papua Barat tidak diberi kesempatan untuk memilih secara demokratis di dalam Pepera. Act of Free Choice disulap artinya oleh pemerintah Indonesia menjadi Pepera. Di sini terjadi manipulasi pengertian dari Act = of Free Choice (Ketentuan Bebas Bersuara) menjadi Penentuan Pendapat Rakyat (Pepera). Ortiz Sans sebagai utusan PBB yang mengamati jalannya Pepera melaporkan bahwa rakyat Papua Barat tidak diberikan kebebasan untuk memil= ih. = PBB telah melecehkan hak penentuan nasib sendiri dari rakyat Papua Barat karena tidak menerima laporan Ortiz Sans. PBB justru melakukan pelecehan HAM melawan prinsip-prinsipnya= sendiri. Ini merupakan motivasi di mana rakyat Papua Barat akan tetap berjuang menuntut pemerintah Indonesia, Belanda dan PBB agar kembali memperbaiki kesalahan mereka di masa lalu. Sejak pencaplokan pada 1 Mei 1963, pemerintah Indonesia selalu berpropaganda bahwa yang pro kemerdekaan Papua Barat hanya segelintir ora= ng yang sedang bergerilya di hutan. Tapi, Gerakan Juli 1998 membuktikan yang= lain di mana dunia telah menyadari bahwa jika diadakan suatu referendum b= ebas dan adil maka rakyat Papua Barat akan memilih untuk merdeka di luar Indonesia. Rakyat Indonesia pun semakin menyadari hal ini. Menurut catatan sementara, diperkirakan bahwa sekitar 400 ribu orang Papua telah meninggal sebagai akibat dari dua hal yaitu kebrutalan TNI da= n kelalaian politik pemerintah. Sadar atau tidak, pemerintah Indonesia telah membuat sejarah hitam yang sama dengan sejarah Jepang, Jerman, Amerikat Serikat, Yugoslavia dan Rwan= da. = Jepang kemudian memohon maaf atas kebrutalannya menduduki beberapa daerah= di Asia-Pasifik pada tahun 1940-an. Sentimen anti Jerman masih terasa di berbagai negara Eropa Barat. Ini membuat para pemimpin dan orang-orang Je= rman menjadi kaku jika mengunjungi negara-negara yang pernah didukinya, apalag= i ke Israel. Berbagai media di dunia pada 4 Desember 1998 memberitakan penyampaian maaf untuk pertama kali oleh Amerika Serikat (AS) melalui menteri luarnegerinya, Madeleine Albright. "Amerika Serikat menyesalkan =BBkesalahan-kesalahan yang amat sangat=AB yang dilakukannya di Amerika L= atin selama perang dingin", kata Albright. AS ketika itu mendukung para diktat= or bersama kekuatan kanan yang berkuasa di Amerika Latin di mana terjadi pembantaian terhadap berjuta-juta orang kiri. Semoga Indonesia akan bersedia untuk merubah sejarah hitam yang ditulisny= a dengan memohon maaf kepada rakyat Papua Barat di kemudian hari. Satu per satu para penjahat perang di bekas Yugoslavia telah diseret ke Tribunal Yugoslavia di kota Den Haag, Belanda. Agusto Pinochet, bekas diktator Chili, yang berkunjung ke Inggris ditahan= oleh pihak kehakiman atas permintaan pemerintah Spanyol. Seorang hakim Spanyol, Garzon, ingin menyeret Pinochet ke pengadilan karena kejahatanny= a sebagai kepala negara antara tahun 1973 dan 1990. Dia akan diadili atas terbunuhnya beribu-ribu orang selama dia berkuasa di Chili. Hingga tahun = 1999 Pinochet berumur 84 tahun dan hingga Januari 2000 telah terhitung 15 bula= n Pinochet mendapatkan tahanan rumah di Inggris. Suatu usaha sedang dilakukan untuk mendokumentasikan identitas dan kebrutalan para pemimpin TNI di Papua Barat. Dokumentasi tersebut akan digunakan di kemudian hari untuk menyeret para pemimpin TNI ke tribunal internasional. Akhir tahun 1998 dunia membuka mata terhadap beberapa daerah bersengketa (dispute regions) seperti Irlandia Utara, Palestina dan Polis= ario (Sahara Barat). Kedua pemimpin di Irlandia Utara menerima Hadiah Perdamai= an Nobel (Desember 1998). Sejak November 1999 Irlandia Utara memiliki pemerintahan sendiri. Kabinet Irlandia Utara terd= iri dari pihak Nasionalis (yang menginginkan bergabungnya Irlandia Utara deng= an Irlandia) dan pihak Unionist (yang menginginkan tetap bergabungnya Irland= ia Utara dengan Britania Raya. Bill Clinton, presiden Amerikat, yang mengunj= ungi Palestina, tanggal 14 Desember 1998, mendengar pidato dari Yaser Arafat bahwa daerah-daerah yang diduki di Palestina har= us ditinggalkan oleh Israel. Sekretaris Jenderal PBB, Kofi Annan, yang mengadakan tour di Afrika Utara mampir di Aljasaria untuk mencoba menenga= hi konflik antara Front Polisario dan Maroko. Front Polisario dengan dukunga= n Aljasaria masih berperang melawan Maroko yang menduduki Polisario (International Herald Tribune, Nov. 30, 1998). Mengapa ada konflik di Irlandia Utara, Palestina dan Polisario? Karena rakyat-rakyat di sana menuntut hak mereka dan memiliki budaya serta latar-belakang sejarah yang berbeda dari penjajah yang menduduki negeri mereka. Realitas sekarang menunjukkan bahwa rakyat-rakyat di sana masih tetap berjuang untuk membebaskan diri dari penjajahan. Realitas sekarang = di Papua Barat membuktikan adanya perlawanan rakyat menentang penjajahan Indonesia. Ini merupakan manifestasi dari makna faktor-faktor budaya, latar-belakang sejarah yang berbeda dari Indonesia dan terlebih - hak - sebagai dasar hukum di mana rakyat Papua Barat berhak untuk merdeka di lu= ar Indonesia. Sejarah Papua Barat telah menjadi kuat, sarat, semakin terbuka dan kadang-kadang meledak. Perjuangan kemerdekaan Papua Barat tidak pernah ak= an berhenti atau dihentikan oleh kekuatan apapun kecuali ketiga faktor (hak,= budaya dan latarbelakang sejarah) tersebut di atas dihapuskan keseluruhan= nya dari kehidupan manusia bermartabat. Rakyat Papua Barat akan meneruskan perjuangannya untuk menjadi negara tetangga yang baik dengan Indonesia. = Rakyat Papua Barat akan meneruskan perjuangannya untuk menjadi bagian yan= g setara dengan masyarakat internasional. Perjuangan akan dilanjutkan hingg= a perdamaian di Papua Barat tercapai. Anak-anak, yang orang-tuanya dan kakak-kakaknya telah menjadi korban kebrutalan TNI tidak akan hidup damai= selama Papua Barat masih merupakan daerah jajahan. Mereka akan meneruskan= perjuangan kemerdekaan Papua Barat. Mereka akan meneriakkan pekikan Marti= n Luther King, pejuang penghapusan perbedaan warna kulit di Amerka Serikat,= "Lemparkan kami ke penjara, kami akan tetap menghasihi. Lemparkan bom ke rumah kami, dan ancamlah anak-anak kami, kami tetap mengasihi". Rakyat Pa= pua Barat mempunyai sebuah mimpi yang sama dengan mimpinya Martin Luther King= , bahwa =BBkita akan menang suatu ketika=AB. Salam >From owner-kabar-irian@irja.org Mon Jan 3 06:16:47 2000 X-Authentication-Warning: irja.org: Host cr408989-a.wlfdle1.on.wave.home.com [24.112.28.127] claimed to be soholanggen.zzzzzzz.com X-Sender: admin@irja.org (Unverified) Date: Sun, 02 Jan 2000 16:17:29 -0500 To: kabar-irian@irja.org From: admin Subject: KABAR-IRIAN: Indon president apologizes for past rights abuse in Irian Jaya Sender: owner-kabar-irian@irja.org Reply-To: admin@irja.org www.KABAR-IRIAN.com & www.IRJA.org For KI help or information see the end of this message Received from Joyo Indonesian News Indonesian president apologizes for past rights abuse in Irian Jaya JAKARTA, Jan 1 (AFP) - President Abdurrahman Wahid, on a visit to the restive province of Irian Jaya, has publicly apologized for years of human rights abuse in Indonesia, a report said Saturday. The apology "is very important" since past mistakes were the misimplementation of government policies, the official Antara news agency quoted Wahid as saying. "I am officialy conveying my apology for the human rights violations in Papua, Aceh, Ambon and other provinces," he told a meeting with religious and civic leaders in Jayapura, the capital of Irian Jaya. He also agreed to officially change Irian Jaya's name to Papua -- an ethnic name for the Melanesian nation inhabiting the New Guinea island. Wahid's visit to Irian Jaya is the first part of a promise made soon after his election last October to visit the troubled regions of Aceh and Irian Jaya to discuss their grievances. "The human rights violations are something that has disturbed my own feelings," Wahid said at the Friday night gathering which include four prominent Irian civic leaders. The four leaders told Wahid that since Irian became a part of Indonesia in 1963, there had been "too many Irianese being killed, tortured, raped as well as suffering from other forms of violence." Wahid said the human rights problems in Irian Jaya "couldn't be solved in just one or two days" and justice would take its course. He stressed he had not interfered in the work of the Commission on Human Rights Violations in East Timor, and had urged the commission to "feel free to investigate any individuals and if they are proven guilty, take them to court." Local and international human rights activists have the accused Indonesian military of committing the abuses in Irian Jaya -- or West Papua -- under the pretext of a military operation to suppress the Free Papua (OPM) separatist movement. Although separatist sentiment in Irian Jaya is strong, the violence has been on a lesser scale than in other regions such as the Muslim stronghold of Aceh or the former Portuguese colony of East Timor which voted on August 30 to break from Indonesia. A Free Papua state -- loaded with gold, copper, oil and gas and other natural resources -- was declared by Irian Jaya leaders while the territory was still under Dutch occupation on December 1, 1961. Indonesia claimed Dutch New Guinea as its 26th province and renamed it Irian Jaya in 1963 -- a move recognised by the United Nations in 1969. But the people of the province, which shares a land border with Papua New Guinea, consider themselves closer to the Melanesian people of the South Pacific than the dominant Javanese in Indonesia. +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ TAPOL, the Indonesia Human Rights Campaign 111 Northwood Road, Thornton Heath, Surrey CR7 8HW, UK Phone: 0181 771-2904 Fax: 0181 653-0322 email: tapol@gn.apc.org Internet: www.gn.apc.org/tapol Campaigning to expose human rights violations in Indonesia, East Timor, West Papua and Aceh 26 years - and still going strong ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ KABAR IRIAN ("Irian News") NOTE: "IRJA.org Inc., the moderator/s and subscribers do not neccessarily hold to or support the opinions and views expressed in these postings. They are posted for their news/interest content. " To unsubscribe send the message "unsubscribe Kabar-irian" (minus the "parenthesis") to majordomo@irja.org You can also un/subscribe at http://www.irja.org/conf.htm via a user friendly form. Need more help or information? mailto:x@irja.org (autoreply) or mailto:admin@irja.org >From owner-kabar-irian@irja.org Mon Jan 3 06:16:47 2000 X-Authentication-Warning: irja.org: Host cr408989-a.wlfdle1.on.wave.home.com [24.112.28.127] claimed to be soholanggen.zzzzzzz.com X-Sender: admin@irja.org (Unverified) Date: Sun, 02 Jan 2000 16:17:27 -0500 To: kabar-irian@irja.org From: admin Subject: KABAR-IRIAN: [EN]Ancient myth inspires freedom fight Sender: owner-kabar-irian@irja.org Reply-To: admin@irja.org www.KABAR-IRIAN.com & www.IRJA.org For KI help or information see the end of this message >From AWPA The Australian 3 Jan 2000 By Mark Worth Ancient myth inspires freedom fight Indonesia's pledge that Irian Jaya can revert to its original name of West Papua is the work of an absent lord, Mark Worth reports 3jan00 IT wasn't quite the miracle they had been hoping for, but rebels of the Free Papua Organisation (OPM) were yesterday celebrating a partial victory. During a visit to Irian Jaya at the weekend, Indonesian President Abdurrahman Wahid agreed the easternmost province would revert to its former name of West Papua. However, he ruled out any hope of the OPM achieving its dream of independence. "As for an independent Papua state . . . I will not tolerate efforts to build a country within a country," he said. Mr Wahid's arrival in the capital, Jayapura, at the weekend was preceded by rumours the President, with the help of divine intervention, would grant West Papua independence for the new millennium. The rumours were fuelled last month by the peaceful raising of the independence movement's flag, the morning star, on December 1. In the past, raising the flag meant on-the-spot arrest - or death, with the most violent incident occurring at Biak in July, 1998, when 26 people were killed by Indonesian military. But on December 1, the military kept out of view, prompting OPM spiritual leader Chief Theuys Eluay to declare the peaceful event a miracle. A week later, his declaration was shattered by local police chief Lieutenant-Colonel David Sihombing demanding Chief Theuys be arrested. Last week, the chief roared into town in a convoy of trucks, bare chested, wearing a bird-of-paradise headress and sarong. Flying the morning star flag from his truck, Chief Theuys publicly presented himself to the police for questioning. His dramatic arrival and the adoption of religious imagery by the OPM reflects a sea change in West Papuans' struggle for freedom. Today, the fight has evolved into a passive, non-violent, religious cult. The new approach draws on an ancient cargo cult - the Mansren Myth. Cargo cults were a common Melanesian reaction to the impact of war technology during World War II. Under the myth, Lord Mansren was a god who liked wine and caught the morning star (Venus) stealing his brew. In thanks for being released before sunrise, the morning star gave Mansren a magic wand and canoe to create West Papua. Mansren taught goodwill but was disappointed by the people's behaviour and so left. The Dutch colonised West Papua in 1860, imposing forced labour and taxes. In reaction, there emerged a Papuan belief that if they practised devout behaviour, Mansren would return to oust the Dutch. Cult followers believe raising the morning star flag will promote the good behaviour that will bring Mansren back, and provide supernatural help to his followers against invaders. The belief is strong, and during WWII was often fatal. In July, 1942 on Biak Island, leader Koronus Boseren and his followers carved wooden guns and blessed themselves with holy water, believing Lord Mansren would turn their sticks into firearms. They then attacked the Japanese and were massacred by the hundreds. After Indonesian independence in the 1950s, the Dutch moved to Netherlands New Guinea and supported West Papuan independence by first building a Papuan militia. In 1961, The Netherlands established the independent nation of West Papua with the morning star flag, and promised full independence on December 1, 1971. Indonesia invaded in 1962 and a war with the Dutch was threatened. Later, the UN stepped in and set out a mandate for an election to be held to determine whether West Papuans wanted to remain with Indonesia. Disgruntled Papuan militia took their guns and flags into the jungle. Naming themselves the OPM Free Papua Organisation), they swore to oust the Indonesian colonists. In 1966, around Manokowari, the morning star was raised and fierce fighting took place until 1968. The next year, Indonesia conducted the UN-backed Act of Free Choice, choosing 1025 delegates who voted to accept Indonesian rule on behalf of 800,000 Papuans. The vote forced the OPM back into the jungle. On July 1, 1971, OPM leader Brigadier-General Seth Rumkorem led an attack on the border town of Waris. They raised the morning star, seized the local two-way radio and proclaimed a free and independent nation of West Papua. In the 1980s, flag-raisings underwent a Papuan cultural revival. On February 9, 1984, a lone OPM supporter tried to raise the morning star outside parliament in Jayapura. He was shot dead. Later, 10,000 refugees fled to the PNG border. In 1988, Papuan leader Thomas Wangai received a 25-year sentence for raising the morning star at Jayapura stadium. It was Wangai's death, tortured in jail in March 1996, that sparked the pro-independence flag-raisings in the 1990s. The actions of Chief Theuys and his militia parallel the actions of the Mansren cultists. ----------------------------------------------- Australia West Papua Association, Sydney PO BOX 65 Millers Point, NSW Australia 2000 Tel/fax 61 2 99601698 iris@matra.com.au ------------------------------------------------ KABAR IRIAN ("Irian News") NOTE: "IRJA.org Inc., the moderator/s and subscribers do not neccessarily hold to or support the opinions and views expressed in these postings. They are posted for their news/interest content. " To unsubscribe send the message "unsubscribe Kabar-irian" (minus the "parenthesis") to majordomo@irja.org You can also un/subscribe at http://www.irja.org/conf.htm via a user friendly form. Need more help or information? mailto:x@irja.org (autoreply) or mailto:admin@irja.org To: kabar-irian From: Admin Subject: [EN] President agrees to poll schedule for troubled regions Cc: Bcc: X-Attachments: approved:damnitto:hell from: Admin subject:[EN] President agrees to poll schedule for troubled regions Jakarta Post, Jan4, 2000 National News President agrees to poll schedule for troubled regions JAKARTA (JP): President Abdurrahman Wahid has approved the Local Elections Committee's (PPL) plan to hold elections in three troubled provinces and newly established provinces and regencies before October this year, an official said on Monday. The chairman of the General Elections Commission (KPU), Rudini, who established the 51 member PPL in November, said the President agreed to the plan but asked him to consult the House of Representatives and Ministry of Home Affairs. "It must be decided beforehand whether the local elections will adopt the district system or maintain the present one," said Rudini after meeting with Abdurrahman. PPL chairman Agus Miftah joined Rudini for the meeting at Bina Graha presidential office. Agus, from the Indonesian People's Party (Pari), said the elections would likely be held in June, or at the utmost in October, as required by the Law on Elections. Agus said the planned polls would elect regional legislative councils in three new provinces -- North Maluku, Central Irian Jaya and East Irian Jaya -- and 43 new regencies, including Pidie and North Aceh in the troubled province of Aceh and on Mentawai Island off West Sumatra. Other new and problematic regencies and mayoralties are located in Riau, Jambi, East Kalimantan, West Kalimantan, East Nusa Tenggara, Central Sulawesi and North Sulawesi. "The deadline for the elections is in October, but we plan the elections to be held in June," said Agus, who opposed Abdurrahman's candidacy for the People's Consultative Assembly (MPR) membership as the representative of the Functional Group in September last year. Agus previously said the planned polls would increase the number of House of Representative (DPR) members by 32 and People's Consultative Assembly (MPR) members by 15. According to Election Law No. 4/1999, each regency should be represented in the DPR and each province deserves five representatives in the MPR. The KPU has estimated the cost of the upcoming elections at about Rp 240 billion (US$34 million). "However, this is only our proposal. The final decision is up to the government," said Agus. (prb) To: kabar-irian From: Admin Subject: [ID]Provinsi Irja Menjadi Provinsi Papua Cc: Bcc: X-Attachments: approved:damnitto:hell from: Admin subject:[ID]Provinsi Irja Menjadi Provinsi Papua http://www.suarapembaruan.com/News/2000/01/02012000/index.html Provinsi Irja Menjadi Provinsi Papua Gus Dur: Jangan Ciptakan Negara di Dalam Negara Oleh Koresponden "Pembaruan" SOEHENDARTO Jayapura, 2 Januari Presiden KH Abdurrahman Wahid, pada acara menyambut sinar matahari pertama tahun 2000 di halaman Makodam XVII/Trikora, Sabtu (1/1) menyatakan mulai saat ini, Provinsi Daerah Tk I Irian Jaya diubah namanya menjadi Provinsi Daerah Tk I Papua. Sebelumnya dalam dialog dengan sekitar 100 tokoh masyarakat Irja di Aula Gedung Negara, Dok V Jayapura, Jumat (31/12) malam, Presiden Gus Dur menegaskan, jangan ada yang berusaha untuk menegakkan negara di dalam negara, sehubungan dengan adanya tuntutan dan pernyataan yang meminta Papua Merdeka. Dalam dialog tersebut Presiden didampingi Mendagri Soerjadi Sudirja, Menlu Alwi Shihab, Men-PAN Freddy Numberi yang juga merangkap Gubernur Irja dan Panglima TNI Laksamana TNI Widodo AS. Dikatakan, keputusan mengenai hal itu bukan haknya saja, tetapi juga adalah hak daripada MPR. ""Kalau hal ini ditolak oleh Tom Beanal, ya artinya kita dalam keadaan macet berunding. Sudah tidak mau berunding lagi, ya sudah. Tugas saya adalah menjaga keutuhan wilayah Indonesia, karena saya diangkat oleh MPR sebagai presiden. Karena selama ini masih menjadi keputusan seperti itu, ya! Selama ini masih berlaku UUD 1945 ya tidak ada jalan lain, kecuali mempertahankan UUD dengan cara dan dengan segala kemampuan saya,'' tegasnya. Dalam dialog yang dipandu Ketua DPRD Irja, Nataniel Kaiway SH, lebih lanjut Kepala Negara menyatakan, keinginan merdeka dan keinginan memisahkan diri dari negara kesatuan RI, silakan saja. Asal jangan berusaha untuk menegakkan negara di dalam negera. Jadi, permintaan disampaikan dengan sopan, dijawab dengan sopan pula. "Silakan berbicara sebanyak-banyaknya, tetapi jangan sampai melakukan tindakan menciptakan negara di dalam negara. Hal ini tidak akan saya tolerir sama sekali. Ini perlu, kalau toh nanti jadi diadakan dialog internasional, perlu saya ingatkan kepada pihak-pihak luar negeri, tidak usah mengirimkan senjata atau apapun yang sifatnya menciptakan negara di dalam negara. Oleh karena itu, saya tidak usah berpanjang-panjang lagi, tidak usah tedeng aling- aling. Ya begitulah adanya,'' ujar Kepala Negara. Presiden mengatakan, kalau ada yang mengatakan sudah tidak berkehendak mendengarkan MPR, silakan itu urusan Anda. Bahkan MPR nanti itu mengambil keputusan apapun dan Anda tidak bisa menerima, selama menyatakan pendapat, saya jamin kebebasan Anda. Tetapi kalau Anda ingin menegakkan pemerintahan di dalam pemerintahan, negara di dalam negara, mau tidak mau kita akan berhadapan, bukan karena kehendak saya, tetapi karena kehendak saudara. Gus Dur mengatakan, hal itu penting sekali diingat. Saya tidak ingin ada kekeliruan. Siapa pun di Indonesia ini berlaku hukumnya sama. Hal itu juga berlaku bagi diri saya. Saya juga tidak setuju dengan pemerintahan yang lalu, dan ada hal-hal yang tidak saya setujui pada pemerintahan yang saya pimpin sekarang. Tetapi proses harus berjalan terus dan kita menuju kepada kedewasaan pandangan, kepada kematangan. "Untuk itu maka jelas sekali masalahnya, tidak perlu kita ulang-ulang lagi. Saya bergembira dan terima kasih bahwa Saudara-saudara datang kemari dengan membawa masalah tersebut,'' ujarnya. Kepala Negara mengatakan, setelah mendengarkan ungkapan perasaan dari kawan-kawan "Papua Merdeka" yang menginginkan negara sendiri, sebagai perasaan silakan tidak ada masalah. Saya terima baik. Karena itu adalah kewajiban saya secara konstitusional. Jadi saya juga punya kewajiban konstitusional lain yaitu mempertahankan keutuhan wilayah yang saya emban saat ini. "Sebenarnya yang dikatakan Tom Beanal itu sudah belasan tahun saya ikuti. Tapi saya ingin mendengarkan sendiri dari yang bersangkutan, dari orang pertama," ujarnya. Gus Dur mengatakan, dia mengetahui persis masyarakat di Provinsi Papua ini, sekarang adalah masyarakat yang heterogen, bermacam-macam pendiriannya, tidak hanya satu pihak saja. Karena itu, silakan kita berdialog, berunding dan marilah bersama-sama mencari kesepakatan akhir. Prnyataan Maaf Dalam kesempatan itu negara secara resmi menyatakan permintaan maaf, karena selama ini telah terjadi pelanggaran HAM baik di tanah Papua, Aceh, Ambon dan sebagainya. Gus Dur menyatakan, permintaan maaf tersebut berhubungan dengan dengan suatu sikap yang tidak dilakukan oelh satu lembaga, tetapi oleh orang-orang yang melaksanakan kebijakan dianggap perintah lembaga. Perbedaan ini sangat penting, karenanya dalam soal KPP HAM umpamanya, dia tidak pernah campur tangan. Silahkan periksa sampai habis, siapa pun orangnya. Kalau memang ketahuan bersalah, seret ke pengadilan. "Saya tidak akan menggerakkan jari sedikit pun untuk itu. Saya menunggu keputusan pengadilan dan menerima hasilnya,'' ujarnya. Menurut Gus Dur, hal itu berlaku juga untuk Papua, Ambon, Maluku atau Aceh dan sebagainya. Dengan kata lain, ingin ditegakkan demokrasi dalam arti yang benar di negeri ini, dalam arti, orang boleh berdialog sepuas-puasnya dan orang boleh mengutarakan pendapat sebebas-bebasnya. Sebelumnya, mengawali acara dialog, Gubernur Irja Freddy Numberi menyampaikan laporan tentang kondisi dan situasi provinsi timur itu. Selanjutnya lima orang tokoh masyarakat masing-masing Tom Beanal, Ramses Ohee, A Kalele, Nussy dan Theys H Eluay tampil secara bergiliran, menyampaikan aspirasinya. Tom Beanal secara tegas menyatakan keinginannya bahwa bangsa Papua ingin merdeka dan melepaskan diri dari negara kesatuan RI. Dengan alasan telah terjadi manipulasi masa lalu saat masuknya Papua ke wilayah RI yang menyimpang, dan tidak sesuai dengan Perjanjian New York dan Perjanjian Roma. Senada dengan Tom Beanal, Theys H Eluay menegaskan, bangsa Papua ingin lepas dari RI dan perlu pelurusan sejarah. Pada awal tahun ini juga, bangsa Papua akan mengadakan kongres untuk pelepasan diri dari RI. ""Dialog internasional akan dilaksanakan untuk kemerdekaan bangsa Papua,'' ujar Theys. u To: kabar-irian From: Admin Subject: [EN] Papuan leaders heartened by President's actions Cc: Bcc: X-Attachments: approved:damnitto:hell from: Admin subject:[EN] Papuan leaders heartened by President's actions Jakarta Post, National News, Jan 4, 2000 Papuan leaders heartened by President's actions JAYAPURA, Irian Jaya (JP): Papuan leaders welcome President Abdurrahman Wahid's positive response to the people's rising demand for independence. Even though the President has offered no concrete steps other than to hold more dialogs to settle the problems in Irian Jaya, chairman of the Evangelical Christian Church (GKI) Rev. Herman Saud said on Sunday the President's response was a very wise one. Saud told The Jakarta Post President Abdurrahman could not decide if Papua, the new name for Irian Jaya as stated by the President, should become an independent state or not. When visiting the easternmost province at the end of last year, the President told Papuan officials and tribal leaders that only the People's Consultative Assembly had authority over that matter. Saud also praised the President's guarantee for more discussions and freedom of expression. "Only by genuine dialogs can a peaceful and wise solution be found to the province's problems," Saud said. The President's promises to promote justice, develop human resources and enhance human rights in Papua were also worthy of praise, he said. "I call on all parties to accept the President's good response, despite the fact that it does not satisfy everyone." Don A. Flassy, the secretary of the Irian Jaya regional development planning board (Bappeda), shared his opinion, saying the President had hinted at a good response to the people's aspirations. The central government should then communicate the President's gesture to the (Irianese) people, so that they could perceive what the President really wanted, he added. "The people must be involved in dialogs with the government. In this way they can grasp and understand the government's good will very clearly," Flassy said. A student at the state University of Cendrawasih, Diaz Gwijangge, said security approaches would not settle the problems in Papua. "Only by dialogs, such as those offered and emphasized by the President, can the problems be settled without bloodshed," Diaz said. In his year-end visit the President also announced that Papua was the new name for Irian Jaya. Governor Freddy Numbery said, however, that further discussion was needed over the new name. "All parties should sit together and discuss whether the province will be called Papua province or West Papua province. Our neighbors also have the word Papua in their country (Papua New Guinea)," Freddy said. "Demands for independence and a change in the province's name must be discussed first," he reiterated. (eba) >From owner-kabar-irian@irja.org Wed Jan 5 10:29:08 2000 X-Authentication-Warning: irja.org: Host cr408989-a.wlfdle1.on.wave.home.com [24.112.28.127] claimed to be soholanggen.zzzzzzz.com X-Sender: admin@irja.org (Unverified) Date: Tue, 04 Jan 2000 20:29:47 -0500 To: kabar-irian@irja.org From: admin Subject: KABAR-IRIAN: [EN]SCMP: Name change fails to appease West Papuans Sender: owner-kabar-irian@irja.org Reply-To: admin@irja.org www.KABAR-IRIAN.com & www.IRJA.org For KI help or information see the end of this message Received from Joyo Indonesian News South China Morning Post Monday, January 3, 2000 INDONESIA Name change fails to appease Papuans PHOTO: Placatory but firm: Indonesian President Abdurrahman Wahid VAUDINE ENGLAND and AGENCIES in Jakarta Indonesia began the new year by ending the 30-year existence of its easternmost province, Irian Jaya. In its place is the new province of Papua, a name change which provides the latest example of the high-risk appeasement policies practised by Jakarta towards its restive outlying areas. At the same time, President Abdurrahman Wahid declared his readiness to hold talks with the Free Papua Organisation (OPM), apologised for human rights abuses and squashed any prospect of Papuan independence. Mr Wahid chose to experience the millennium's first sunrise in the province, which shares a land border with Papua New Guinea, where he delivered what is becoming his standard package of carrot and stick. "We want to build a new Papua, just like you want to build a new Indonesia," tribal leader Ondofolo Theys Eluay told Mr Wahid, claiming independence was the aspiration of the entire population of Papua. Mr Wahid replied that such moves would lead to confrontation. "That isn't what I want, it's what you want," he said, adding that it was his presidential duty to uphold Indonesia's territorial integrity as laid down in the 1945 constitution. "I guarantee freedom of expression. So I accept the Irianese demand for independence as a freedom of expression. But I won't tolerate any efforts to establish a country within the country. "The Government of Indonesia will not hesitate to confront any country which is behind the Free Papua Movement or any other separatist groups in other regions. "The Government is even ready to talk with the OPM, despite the fact that its members have many times committed unlawful acts." The stakes are high in this, one of the top three rebellious provinces in Indonesia (along with Aceh and the Maluccas), which is rich in gold, copper, oil, gas and other natural resources. On December 1, a long- running pattern of independence flag-raising was intensified, with well-attended ceremonies across the then Irian Jaya. Independence leader Mr Eluay, who led the hoisting of the Morning Star flag, said that 90 per cent of the population supported the restoration of sovereignty. "We West Papuans have been living under threat from the Government's political, economic and social policies for 36 years," he said. "This has involved systematic violence and killing for the Melanesian people." Irian Jaya declared an independent state while the territory was still under Dutch occupation on December 1, 1961. But Indonesia claimed Dutch New Guinea as its 26th province and renamed it Irian Jaya in 1963 - a move recognised by the United Nations in 1969. +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ TAPOL, the Indonesia Human Rights Campaign 111 Northwood Road, Thornton Heath, Surrey CR7 8HW, UK Phone: 0181 771-2904 Fax: 0181 653-0322 email: tapol@gn.apc.org Internet: www.gn.apc.org/tapol Campaigning to expose human rights violations in Indonesia, East Timor, West Papua and Aceh 26 years - and still going strong ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ KABAR IRIAN ("Irian News") NOTE: "IRJA.org Inc., the moderator/s and subscribers do not neccessarily hold to or support the opinions and views expressed in these postings. They are posted for their news/interest content. " To unsubscribe send the message "unsubscribe Kabar-irian" (minus the "parenthesis") to majordomo@irja.org You can also un/subscribe at http://www.irja.org/conf.htm via a user friendly form. Need more help or information? mailto:x@irja.org (autoreply) or mailto:admin@irja.org >From owner-kabar-irian@irja.org Wed Jan 5 10:29:16 2000 X-Authentication-Warning: irja.org: Host cr408989-a.wlfdle1.on.wave.home.com [24.112.28.127] claimed to be soholanggen.zzzzzzz.com X-Sender: admin@irja.org (Unverified) Date: Tue, 04 Jan 2000 20:29:56 -0500 To: kabar-irian@irja.org From: admin Subject: KABAR-IRIAN: [EN] Prediction of international support for West Papua independence Sender: owner-kabar-irian@irja.org Reply-To: admin@irja.org www.KABAR-IRIAN.com & www.IRJA.org For KI help or information see the end of this message >From AWPA Radio Aust. 5 Jan 2000 Prediction of international support for West Papua independence The Pacific Conference of Churches says the apology by Indonesia's president for the human rights abuses by the military in Irian Jaya, will bring international attention to the province. President Wahid made the apology at the weekend while in Irian Jaya, and agreed to change the name of the province back to Papua, although ruled out independence. The Congress of West Papua, which declared independence in 1997, has rejected as meaningless, President Wahid's words. Spokesman for Pacific churches, Rev. Kila Pat, says the international community will ignore Indonesia's apology. ----------------------------------------------- Australia West Papua Association, Sydney PO BOX 65 Millers Point, NSW Australia 2000 Tel/fax 61 2 99601698 iris@matra.com.au ------------------------------------------------ KABAR IRIAN ("Irian News") NOTE: "IRJA.org Inc., the moderator/s and subscribers do not neccessarily hold to or support the opinions and views expressed in these postings. They are posted for their news/interest content. " To unsubscribe send the message "unsubscribe Kabar-irian" (minus the "parenthesis") to majordomo@irja.org You can also un/subscribe at http://www.irja.org/conf.htm via a user friendly form. Need more help or information? mailto:x@irja.org (autoreply) or mailto:admin@irja.org >From owner-kabar-irian@irja.org Wed Jan 5 10:29:12 2000 X-Authentication-Warning: irja.org: Host cr408989-a.wlfdle1.on.wave.home.com [24.112.28.127] claimed to be soholanggen.zzzzzzz.com X-Sender: admin@irja.org (Unverified) Date: Tue, 04 Jan 2000 20:29:51 -0500 To: kabar-irian@irja.org From: admin Subject: KABAR-IRIAN: [EN] Inside Indonesia - Digest 90 - West Papua's opinion makers Sender: owner-kabar-irian@irja.org Reply-To: admin@irja.org www.KABAR-IRIAN.com & www.IRJA.org For KI help or information see the end of this message http://www.insideindonesia.org/digest/dig90.htm Digest 90 West Papua's opinion makers 3 January, 2000 When the western press thinks of nationalist resistance in Irian Jaya/ West Papua it still tends to think of the 'Stone Age' armed Free Papua Movement (OPM) in the jungle. But since late 1998 an urban movement has emerged that has no overt connection with the guerrillas. This short item introduces the leading personalities of that urban movement. No doubt the most prominent is Theys Eluay, aged 62 on 12 November 1999. He calls himself Great Leader of the Papuan Nation (Pemimpin Besar Bangsa Papua, up from Pemimpin Papua Barat, or Pemimpin Rakyat Bangsa Papua), but his influence is greatest in the Sentani area near Jayapura, where he is known as a tribal elder (ondofolo). His wife belongs to the Ohee clan, which successfully took the provincial government to the High Court a few years ago over a long-running land problem - this was an unprecedented success (though never properly implemented as far as I know). The governor (in 1998?) appointed him chairman of the provincial customary council (Lembaga Musyawarah Adat Irian Jaya). He had been a fairly unremarkable Golkar member of the provincial parliament in the last period of the Suharto era. However, when Eluay began to speak out strongly in favour of independence for West Papua, governor Freddy Numberi tried in October 1998 to pull him out of the customary council. This evoked strong protest from other Papuan opinion leaders, such as Phil Erari and Tom Beanal. Eluay was arrested at this time for raising a West Papuan flag (he was released and raised it again December 1999). Not that the customary council is a terribly crucial institution. Another prominent figure on the council is Yorrys Raweyai, better known till now as a chairman of the thuggish pro-government youth organisation Pemuda Pancasila in Jakarta. Just before the June '99 election Eluay announced he was resigning from Golkar and would start a West Papuan Party (which hasn't eventuated yet). Theys Eluay and Yorrys, the latter of whom is now putting himself forward as an important Papuan leader, seem to have some kind of relationship. This suggests that the West Papuan movement is populist and unorganised enough to be vulnerable to penetration by actors whose loyalties are unclear to say the least. In 1969 Eluay was among the 1000 delegates to a college that 'voted' for West Papua to become part of Indonesia in the widely criticised UN-supervised 'Act of Free Choice'. He recanted from this past in a long interview published in Cenderawasih Post in November 1998. In August 1999 Indonesian authorities forbade five West Papuan activists from travelling overseas, and presumably the government regards them as key opinion makers. They were: Willy Mandowen, secretary of the embryonic political grouping Foreri (Forum Rekonsiliasi Masyarakat/ Rakyat Irian Jaya = Forum for the Reconciliation of Irian Jaya Society). Also a member of an important committee within the World Council of Churches. Lecturer in linguistics at Cenderawasih University near Jayapura. Tom Beanal, chairman of Lemasa (Lembaga Masyarakat Adat Amungme = the Amungme Tribal Council), the only highland activist in the group, who enjoys a worldwide reputation for having (unsuccessfully) taken Freeport to court in the US a few years ago. Benny Giai, lecturer at the conservative Walter Pos theological college in Abepura near Jayapura, PhD graduate in theology from Free University Amsterdam (on the messianic movements known as Koreri). Herman Awom, deputy chairman of the mainstream Protestant church of Irian Jaya (GKI Irja). Octavianus Motte, Kompas (mainstream Jakarta daily) journalist. One other name that crops up repeatedly in the news is that of Don Flassy, aged 53, secretary of the provincial development planning board Bappeda, graduate in anthropology from the prestigious Dutch Leiden University 1991, also active in the Jayapura human rights NGO ELS-HAM. Together, these seven people possess formidable credentials in academic, church, and NGO circles. It is worth remarking that, unlike in East Timor during 1998-99, there are at present almost no Papuans prepared to argue publicly for staying with Indonesia, even under conditions of special autonomy. Besides Yorrys Raweyai, who is not very consistent in the views he promotes, almost the only two regularly mentioned as favouring this position are Yap Marey and Yoppi Youwe. Marey was evidently an OPM guerrilla some years ago, who was captured and is now often described in West Papuan literature as 'close to the armed forces'. Youwe is usually described as a customary leader in the Jayapura area. Gerry van Klinken, editor, 'Inside Indonesia' magazine. (Dr) Gerry van Klinken, Resident Director Acicis (Yogyakarta), Editor 'Inside Indonesia', tel +62-274-515 519, mobile +62-812-270 2729. +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ TAPOL, the Indonesia Human Rights Campaign 111 Northwood Road, Thornton Heath, Surrey CR7 8HW, UK Phone: 0181 771-2904 Fax: 0181 653-0322 email: tapol@gn.apc.org Internet: www.gn.apc.org/tapol Campaigning to expose human rights violations in Indonesia, East Timor, West Papua and Aceh 26 years - and still going strong ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ KABAR IRIAN ("Irian News") NOTE: "IRJA.org Inc., the moderator/s and subscribers do not neccessarily hold to or support the opinions and views expressed in these postings. They are posted for their news/interest content. " To unsubscribe send the message "unsubscribe Kabar-irian" (minus the "parenthesis") to majordomo@irja.org You can also un/subscribe at http://www.irja.org/conf.htm via a user friendly form. Need more help or information? mailto:x@irja.org (autoreply) or mailto:admin@irja.org To: kabar-irian@irja.org From: Admin Subject: [ID] Polda Kejar Penyeludup Amunisi Cc: Bcc: X-Attachments: Jawa Pos, Rabu, 05/01/2000 - 11:46 WIB Polda Kejar Penyelundup Amunisi Jayapura. Polda Irian Jaya (Papua) saat ini sedang mengejar pelaku penyelundupan ribuan butir peluru tajam di Sorong untuk diambil tindakan agar tidak meresahkan penduduk di wilayah itu. Wakapolda Irja, Kol. Pol. M Thamrin Simanjuntak ketika ditanya di Jayapura, hari ini, membenarkan pihaknya bersama aparat di jajaran Polres Sorong terus mengejar pelaku yang menyelundupkan ribuan peluru tajam di Sorong itu. Aparat Polres Sorong pekan lalu menggagalkan penyelundupan peluru tajam jenis M-16 sebanyak 3.250 butir, SS-1 sebanyak 589 butir, AK-47 berjumlah 180 butir, satu buah rantai peluru dan sebuah magasen. Simanjuntak menjelaskan, ribuan butir peluru tajam itu dibawa oleh seorang penumpang KM. Dobonsolo yang tiba dari Ambon di pelabuhan Sorong (31/12). Barang peledak itu dibungkus rapi dalam kartun, plastik dan peti kayu ketika diturunkan di pelabuhan Sorong. Pelaku kemudian menyuruh Yulis Isir (Tenaga Kerja Bongkar Muat/TKBM) untuk memikul barang tersebut. Saat itu penyelundup berkilah sedang akan mencari kendaraan, padahal ia menghilang di kota Sorong. Karena barang yang terlalu banyak itu, petugas KP3 Laut Polres Sorong setelah memeriksa menemukan barang berbahaya itu. Petugas membawa barang bukti dan saksi TKBM untuk dimintai keterangan, namun TKBM Yulius Isir tidak tahu orang yang tak dikenal itu. "Kami masih terus mencari pelaku penyelundup peluru tajam ke Irja dan bila ditangkap akan diambil tindakan tegas," tegas Wakapolda Irja itu. Dikatakan, KM Dobonsolo ketika dari Ambon tidak singgah di pelabuhan, dan kapal mewah itu berlabuh saja di tengah laut, sehingga indikasi sementara, barang peledak itu dibawa dari Ujungpandang atau Surabaya. Simanjuntak tidak berani membeberkan lebih jauh adanya kerjasama aparat keamanan dari penyelundupan peluru tajam yang ingin mengacaukan Irja yang saat ini terus aman dan tertib itu. Kendati demikian, aparat kepolisian terus mengejar dan mencari pelaku yang diduga keras belum lari dari wilayah Polda Irja atau dari Sorong. (antara) Republika Online edisi: 06 Jan 2000 Polda Irja Kejar Penyelundup Amunisi untuk Ambon JAYAPURA -- Polda Irian Jaya (Papua) masih terus mengejar pelaku penyelundupan ribuan butir peluru tajam di Pelabuhan Sorong. Amunisi itu diduga kuat akan dipakai untuk mengacaukan Sorong atau diserahkan ke kelompok yang bertikai di Ambon. Seperti diberitakan sebelumnya, Jumat (31/12), aparat Polres Sorong memergoki penyelundupan peluru tajam jenis M-16 sebanyak 3.250 butir, SS-1 sebanyak 589 butir, AK-47 berjumlah 180 butir, satu buah rantai peluru dan sebuah magasen. Ribuan peluru yang dibungkus rapi dalam peti kayu yang dilapisi karton dan plastik itu dibawa oleh penumpang KM Dobonsolo yang tiba dari Ambon di Pelabuhan Sorong. Ada indikasi, asal barang dari Ujungpandang atau Surabaya. ''Hingga sekarang kami masih terus mencari pelaku penyelundup peluru tajam ke Irja dan bila ditangkap akan diambil tindakan tegas,'' tegas Wakapolda Irja, Kol Pol M Thamrin Simanjuntak kepada Antara di Jayapura, Rabu (5/1). Simanjuntak lebih jauh menuturkan, penyelundup waktu itu berhasil lolos karena ke luar pelabuhan lebih dulu dengan berkilah akan mencari kendaraan. Sebelumnya, ia meminta tukang panggul pelabuhan TKBM Yulius Isir untuk membawakan barangnya. ''Ketika barang itu dipergoki petugas KP3 Laut Polres Sorong karena terlalu banyak hingga menimbulkan kecurigaan, ia sudah menghilang di kota Sorong,'' tuturnya. Simanjuntak tak mengatakan untuk siapa amunisi itu. Ia hanya mengatakan pihaknya sedang terus mengejar penyelundup untuk mencegah timbulnya kekacauan di wilayahnya. Simanjuntak tidak berani membeberkan lebih jauh kemungkinan tersebut, termasuk kebolehjadian adanya upaya untuk mengacaukan Irja yang saat ini terus aman dan tertib itu. ''Yang jelas aparat kepolisian terus mengejar dan mencari pelaku yang diduga keras belum lari dari wilayah Polda Irja atau dari Sorong itu,'' ujarnya. Isu lain yang berkembang mengatakan, ada dugaan kuat, amunisi itu sebenarnya akan didaratkan di Ambon, pelabuhan yang menjadi tempat persinggahan KM Dobonsolo sebelumnya. Hanya saja, penyelundup gagal memasukkan amunisi itu karena pelabuhan Ambon dijaga ketat Marinir. Sudah begitu, kapal mewah itu juga tak merapat di dermaga Ambon tapi membuang sauh di lepas pantai. Sorong, dalam hal ini, kelihatannya menjadi pelabuhan alternatif bagi penyelundup itu. Soal dipakainya senjata organik dan senjata modern dalam konflik di Ambon memang bukan kabar baru. Mantan Kapolri Jenderal Roesmanhadi dalam acara buka puasa bersama di Jakarta mengatakan, petugas keamanan sangat terancam dengan senjata tersebut. ''Petugas yang memisahkan dua kelompok yang bertikai menjadi sasaran senjata modern itu,'' ujarnya. Saksi mata dalam kerusuhan di Tobelo dan Galela juga menyaksikan bagaimana peluru itu menghabisi Muslim setempat. Saksi itu menuturkan, mereka ditembaki oleh orang yang menyandang senapan mesin dengan untaian peluru yang diselempangkan di badannya. Diduga Gagal Masuk Ambon Ribuan Amunisi Nyasar di Sorong Konstributor: M. Imran detikcom - Jakarta, Menjelang Lebaran, Kepolisian Sorong Irja telah menemukan ribuan peluru di atas kapal milik PT Pelni, yakni KM Dobonsolo yang baru masuk dari Ambon, Rabu siang (5/1/2000). Untuk apa? Ribuan peluru itu berasal dari senjata-senjata standar militer TNI. Antara lain 3.250 butir peluru untuk senjata M-16, 589 peluru untuk senjata SS-1, 180 butir peluru AK-47, serta ditemukan rantai lilitan peluru serta sebuah magazine. Penemuan peluru-peluru diungkap petugas Polres Sorong dari kapal Dobonsolo yang baru dari kota Ambon, sayangnya pemilik peluru itu langsung kabur begitu amunisinya ditemukannya. Rencananya peluru-peluru itu akan diturunkan di kota Ambon yang sampai saat ini masih terus bergolak. Sayangnya penjagaan di pelabuhan Ambon yang dilakukan Marinir ketat, sehingga amunisi itu di bawa menuju kota Sorong. Kapolres Sorong Letkol Pol Ch. Victor Sitorus kepada kotributor detikcom melalui telepon mengakui bahwa pihaknya terus melakukan pengejaran terhadap pemilik amunisi-amunisi itu, mengingat amunisi itu masih baru. ''Seorang saksi mata yang melihat pemiliknya sedang kami tanyai, semoga dapat diungkap siapa sebenarnya pemiliknya dan apa tujuannya,'' ungkap Victor. 9 Januari 2000 di Ciganjur Tokoh Papua Kunjungi Gus Dur Konstributor: Mh Imran detikcom - Jayapura, Meski Presiden Gus Dur menolak permintaan masyarakat Papua untuk merdeka, tapi tokoh Papua masih mau berembuk dengan Gus Dur. Pada 9 Januari 2000, Theys H Eluay, tokoh Papua, akan berkunjung ke kediaman Gus Dur di Ciganjur, Jaksel. Tujuannya, mengucapkan Selamat Idul Fitri. Menurut Theys yang mengklaim dirinya sebagai pemimpin besar rakyat Papua Barat, pertemuan itu sifatnya khusus. Tanggal 9 Januari adalah hari ke-2 Idul Fitri. Pertemuan tersebut guna membahas tindak lanjut dari keinginan presiden untuk memberdayakan serta mengangkat harkat orang-orang Papua/Irian yang merasa tertinggal. Diperkirakan pertemuan itu akan membahas rencana penegakan hukum adat di tanah Papua, karena selama ini kekuasaan pemerintah cenderung mengikis habis eksistensi hukum adat. Misalnya kasus tanah yang menimpa Hanok Hebe Ohee, yang menggegerkan dunia hukum Indonesia dan dikenal dengan nama 'surat sakti' Ketua Mahkamah Agung kepada Ketua Pengadilan Negeri Jayapura. Pemberian hukum adat ini, terlepas dari apakah Papua mau merdeka atau tidak. Dengan perlakuan hukum adat ini, maka peran kepala-kepala suku atau bahasa setempat disebut ondofolo atau ondoafi akan menjadi bagian dari pemerintahan. Theys yang dihubungi detikcom di Jayapura, Rabu (5/1/2000), enggan memberikan jawaban pasti soal rencana pertemuan itu. Namun dengan santai ia mengatakan, dirinya akan melakukan silaturahmi dengan presiden di kediamannya di Ciganjur untuk mengucapkan selamat hari Idul Fitri. Sayangnya rencana pertemuan Theys H. Eluay dengan presiden itu menimbulkan praduga-praduga tentang sepak terjang Theys yang sering melakukan kompromi dengan pemerintah. ''Buktinya Yoris Raweyai yang diangkat sebagai ketua lembaga adat perantauan, tetap mendukung Irian sebagai bagian dari Indonesia,'' ungkap Tom Beanal yang juga tokoh Suku Amungme yang pernah menggugat PT Freeport di Pengadilan Tinggi Louisiana AS. Lembaga Dadakan Sementara itu, belakangan ini di Papua, cukup banyak kelompok yang menyuarakan keinginan merdeka. Sayangnya berbagai kelompok tersebut belakangan ini ditengarai banyak yang bersuara karena kepentingan tertentu, seperti motivasi uang mendapatkan jabatan dan serangkaian ambisi pribadi. Hal itu dibuktikan dengan banyak organisasi dan lembaga yang dibentuk hanya sekadar untuk memuluskan ambisi. Organisasi ini dibentuk dadakan dan menjamur belakangan ini di Jayapura. Seperti Tim 10, Tim 15, Tim 22, Tim 100. Kemudian ada lagi Komite Nasional Pemuda Papua Barat dan sebagainya. Tak urung saat ini kas keuangan Pemda Irian Jaya mengalami kekosongan, lantaran sering membiayai kegiatan tim tersebut dengan alasan akan melakukan dialog dengan pemerintah pusat. Bahkan Sekretaris Daerah (Sekwilda) Irian Jaya Ir Progo Nurdjaman beberapa waktu lalu kepada detikcom mengaku pusing dengan banyaknya proposal yang masuk ke pemda, yang ingin membahas tentang aspirasi rakyat Irian. ''Isu merdeka sekarang jadi komoditi bagi banyak kalangan untuk dijual dan meraup keuntungan,'' tandasnya heran. LYCOShop is now open. On your mark, get set, SHOP!!! http://shop.lycos.com/ To: kabar-irian From: Admin Subject: [EN]Three Iranians stranded in Merauke Cc: Bcc: X-Attachments: approved:damnitto:hell from: Admin subject:[EN]Three Iranians stranded in Merauke The Jakarta Post, National News, Jan 7 2000 Three Iranians stranded in Merauke MERAUKE, Irian Jaya: Three Iranians have been stranded in the town of Merauke since November awaiting financial aid from the Iranian embassy in Jakarta, Antara reported on Thursday. The three, identified as Gholamreza, 37, Beigi Jabbar, 29, and Zahiri, 22, were arrested by Merauke Police at the Akat Hotel on Nov. 23 for allegedly overstaying on their visas. They arrived in Jakarta on Oct. 11 and planned to visit Papua New Guinea and Australia. The local immigration office has requested the help of the Iranian embassy in Jakarta. He said his office would send the three to Jakarta aboard a commercial flight after reaching an agreement with the Iranian embassy. (rms) To: kabar-irian From: Admin Subject: [EN-social] MAF halts services in Jayawijaya Cc: Bcc: X-Attachments: approved:damnitto:hell from: Admin subject:[EN-social] MAF halts services in Jayawijaya The Jakarta Post, National News, Jan 7 2000 MAF halts services in Jayawijaya WAMENA, Irian Jaya: The Mission Aviation Fellowship (MAF) has suspended flights to remote areas in Jayawijaya district, Irian Jaya, due to reckless behavior from local residents which is threatening the safety of the flights and their passengers. "Every day locals casually pass right in the middle of the air strip without thinking of the possible dangers to aircraft taking off or landing," Edison Djiko, head of the MAF office in Wamena said here on Wednesday. According to Djiko the decision took effect on Dec. 30, a day after a MAF pilot was almost killed as he was forced to suddenly maneuver to avoid a person who had walked right onto the airstrip as the plane was about to take off. "We decided to stop the flights until the air strip is cleared of people passing by," he added. "We carry basic commodities and construction materials to isolated areas in the regency," he said of the typical cargo the flights carried. Separately, an operator of Wamena airbase, Atja Juhana, said it is difficult to bar locals from walking on the airstrip. "They even destroyed the airfield fence and used the wood for firewood," he said. (rms) To: kabar-irian From: Admin Subject: [EN-opinion] From Irian Jaya to Papua Cc: Bcc: X-Attachments: approved:damnitto:hell from: Admin subject:[EN-opinion] From Irian Jaya to Papua From Irian Jaya to Papua I refer to the article in The Jakarta Post, Jan. 2, 2000 entitled President changes Irian Jaya's name to Papua. Prior to 2000, President Abdurrahman Wahid announced that the name of the Irian Jaya province would be Papua. Many people expressed disagreement with that decision. To change the name of a province is constitutionally under the authority of the House of Representatives (DPR). Hence, the President should have first consulted the DPR before making the decision. I also regret the decision because the name Irian Jaya is known by international communities and is entered in many world bibliographies and current dictionaries and, more importantly, has become our pride. Also, world organizations do not make changes to established documents very easily, as proposed by a certain country. For example, I wrote to the Oxford University Press in the United Kingdom to revise a sentence in the Oxford English Dictionary which goes "... Indonesia formerly belonging to the Netherlands; independence since 1949 ..." to "... independence since 1945 ..." They refused to do so giving certain arguments. H.M. HADI S. Cimahi, West Java To: kabar-irian From: Admin Subject: [ID] Pemerintah Harus Tingkatkan Pelayanan pada Masyarakat Irian Cc: Bcc: X-Attachments: approved:damnitto:hell from: Admin subject:[ID] Pemerintah Harus Tingkatkan Pelayanan pada Masyarakat Irian SUARA PEMBARUAN DAILY Pemerintah Harus Tingkatkan Pelayanan pada Masyarakat Irian Jakarta, 6 Januari Pemerintah hendaknya meningkatkan perhatian dan pelayanan kepada masyarakat Irian sebagai bagian integral dari Negara Kesatuan Republik Indonesia (NKRI). Perhatian itu dilakukan dengan menuntaskan berbagai masalah yang dialami masyarakat terutama memulihkan harga diri dan martabat untuk mencegah keinginan memisahkan diri dari NKRI. Termasuk pe-nyelesaian persoalan pelanggaran hak asasi manusia (HAM), peningkatan sumber daya manusia (SDM), pengembangan perekonomian rakyat dan memberikan peluang untuk mengatur pemerintahan daerah. Solusi terbaik adalah segera menerapkan Otonomi Khusus sesuai amanat Garis-garis Besar Haluan Negara (GBHN) Tahun 1999. Pandangan itu dikemukakan Dirjen Penerangan Umum, Departemen Penerangan (Deppen) yang dilikuidasi, Drs Soedarjanto yang juga Mantan Anggota MPR-RI dalam percakapan dengan wartawan di Jakarta, hari Rabu (5/1). Pendapat itu dilontarkan mengingat munculnya gerak moral rakyat Irian (Papua Barat) yang ingin memisahkan diri dari NKRI. Pemulihan hubungan hendaknya dilaksanakan dengan membangun komunikasi dan dialog dimana semua pihak berada dalam posisi yang setara. "Kita harus mendengarkan ungkapan hati nurani rakyat terhadap berbagai masalah yang dialami selama 36 tahun. Kemudian mendiskusikan langkah-langkah perbaikan dan peningkatan pelayanan.(W-8) To: maluku-net@cenderawasih.net, eastnet@cenderawasih.net, kabar-irian@irja.org From: Editor/s Subject: [EN]FW: The Indonesia situation Cc: Bcc: X-Attachments: (Edited for privacy by IRJA.org) FYI. If you post this, remove names and identities, and just say "From reliable sources" Date: Thu, Jan 6, 2000, 5:06 PM Dear Colleagues, We must mobilize focused prayer. Do not circularize this after January 11, 2000. Dear , I was in Jakarta, on Dec. 13 - 18, lectured to 28 D. Min. students under an extension program. My classes were from 5 - 10 PM. On Dec. 14, electricity went off in the middle of the session. I told my students that I would continue talking if they stayed put on their chairs. They did, but they felt very uncomfortable. At dawn the next day, Dec. 15 at about 2 am the entire campus of Doulos Seminary was attached and burned down by M fanatics. Many of the 400 students were wounded and a few died. I was supposed to meet with the president of Doulos Seminary at 10 am on Dec. 15 to discuss about integrating missions into their program. It was terrifying to say the least. Do continue to pray for Indonesia. The killings in Ambon are just the tip of the iceberg. ==================================== The violence between Christians and Muslims which has been erupting over the past months is now intensifying in Ambon and the Spice Islands with reported massacres involving hundreds of people. Radical people on both sides are fomenting the conflict, wanting more vengeance. Soldiers sent to Ambon by the government are reported to be taking sides with their Christian or Muslim fellows to fight against each other. According to one report, there are indications that Muslim radicals there plan to destroy the Christian quarters by the end of the current Ramadan, January 8-9. In Halmahera, World Vision staff were evacuated suffering from trauma at having seen many killings and 200 children, mostly sponsored through WVi programs, are currently in peril. Please pray fervently and authoritatively with Indonesian believers in the name which is above every name for: · the binding and overthrow of the forces of hatred, prejudice, murder and destruction which have gotten hold of the hearts and minds of these groups. · the new leaders of the national government to act swiftly and decisively to intervene and stop the fighting and for military forces to act impartially in the welfare of both Christians and Muslims. · protection and healing from trauma for WV staff, children and all those who have been affected by the carnage. · reconciliation, forgiveness and the restoration of peace and security. To: kabar-irian From: Admin Subject: [EN-member request] Mattress - irian to Bali? Cc: Bcc: X-Attachments: approved:damnitto:hell from: Admin subject:[EN-member request] Mattress - irian to Bali? From: Immersia Admin: Thanks for the tip (below)! Much appreciated. Could you please post this on the Kabar Irian site... I am in a jam and could use the help: Is there anyone who could help me out by carrying two rolled up air mattresses from Wamena to Bali sometime before February 2? They are with my friend in Wamena, and I need to get them to Ubud in Bali (but actually anywhere in Bali would work - I could have someone pick them up). The air mattresses are lightweight, about 24" long (60 cm) and about 6" (15cm) in diameter. If so, please contact me immediately at adventure@immersiatravel.com. In the USA you can call me at 800.207.5454. Thank you, David Steinberg Immersia To: kabar-irian@irja.org, eastnet@cenderawasih.net, maluku-net@cenderawasih.net From: Admin Subject: [EN] EYEWITNESS REPORT OF ATROCITIES IN AMBON Cc: Bcc: X-Attachments: *** EYEWITNESS REPORT OF ATROCITIES IN AMBON The following is a report of a visit to the Ambon war zone from a Senior Pastor of a Christian Church in Indonesia whose name has been withheld for security reasons. I have recently returned from a visit to the island of Ambon. What I witnessed is almost indescribable. I arrived at the airport but could not go via the road to the city of Ambon. Certain areas are controlled by Moslems and we were told that the Moslems stop all vehicles, check ID cards and shoot the Christians on sight. Instead I took a speedboat to the other side of the bay where the city of Ambon is located. The city of Ambon is divided into two areas controlled by Christians and Moslems. There is no communication between the two areas with the exception of police and the military. The Moslems control the area of the harbour and the Christian the airport and part of the city. Army units guard the boundary areas between the Moslem and Christian areas. Hundreds of churches and thousands of houses of Christians have been burned by the Moslems, usually assisted by Moslem soldiers of the armed forces. I read many reports of attacks on Christian villages and I am mentioning some reports in this account. We visited one village called Hative Kecil and saw a Protestant and a Pentecostal Church burned down, together with all the houses of the Christians in the village. The Pastor reported that the attack came after a Moslem mob had stoned the village for the previous hour. Then 5 military personnel posted in the village came down the street firing into the air. They paved the way for the Moslem mobs to loot and burn down the houses of the Christians. The people told me that the Immanuel church was being guarded by 26 Christians. When the soldiers got to the church they went into the church continuing to shoot. They killed 24 of the men and dragged their bodies outside the church where they were burnt. The soldiers belonged to the elite strategic reserve command and also some members of the paramilitary mobile police. The victims ranged in ages from 18 to 35. The pastor said that by the time they returned to the scene 21 of the bodies were beyond recognition so they were buried in a mass grave. This is but one account of many villages burnt, Christians killed, bodies cut open, people beheaded by masses of Moslem mobs shouting, "God is great!" I have dozens of reports of atrocities committed by Moslems assisted by members of the Indonesian Armed Forces. We visited two wards and several rooms of the local hospital and met with about 50 men who were wounded during the rioting in the city of Ambon. All the others in the hospital have the same story and told me how they were shot by soldiers of the TNI (Indonesian Army). I then visited the village of Waiheru, on the island of Ambon consisted of 65% Moslems and 35% Christians. They had been living harmoniously together for many years. Their village covers and area of about 3 square kilometres. Recently a Moslem mob assisted by armed forces members attacked the village and burned down approximately 400 houses of the Christians. The Protestant and Roman Catholic churches were saved from destruction because both churches were guarded by 7 Christian soldiers of the same army units. The next day a lady from the same village was beheaded by Moslems and her body burned. She was buying needs for her family in a Moslem controlled market where she had been shopping for many years. Another lady was also beheaded; her head placed upon her body and consequently the body was burned. She had crossed the road to get some vegetables from her garden. I witnessed the burning of the village of Ahuru, a Roman Catholic village in the city of Ambon. The strategy of the Moslems (assisted by Indonesian soldiers) is to scare away the Christians from the villages with several hours of shooting at the houses and at the people. The Christians flee the area. Then the Moslems move in, loot the homes of the Christians and set fire to their houses. I took a series of pictures of the houses being burned one after the other. No one comes and helps these Christians. I saw the body of another man who was shot and killed by one bullet while trying to save people from their burning houses. He leaves behind his wife and 7 children. I saw 3 trucks roll by full of Army troops but it made no difference. The houses kept being burned. After the village is burned down, the military come and guard the burned out village so that the people don’t return. Village after village is being burned down and little by little the Moslems are driving out the Christians and occupy their areas. The Christians are trying to defend their property, their land, houses and their families. They have fabricated homemade handguns and pistols but they are no match for the Indonesian soldiers with modern weapons, grenades, teargas and even armed vehicles. I saw some dozens of young men walking in a long line toward the battlefield holding their primitive weapons. They cried out to me. We have no one to help us! The world is paying no attention to us as we are loosing our homes, land, churches and family members. Soldiers entered the village of Mardika shooting and using tear gas to drive out the Christians. Seventeen people died that day. After the Christians fled their village the Moslems came in, looted all the houses and burned down over 100 houses. They write degrading words about the Lord Jesus Christ on the walls of the burned out houses. They come prepared with cans of gasoline to do their evil work. We witnessed 2 burned bodies lying in he doorway of their house. Today 27 December 1999 I received information direct from Ambon that yesterday 1,000 Christians fled to Ambon city from the island of Buru. On Buru 89 people were killed in violence in last few days. Last night in Ambon around midnight, the main Protestant Church (Silo Church) was destroyed by fire. The church came under attack around 7pm while a worship service was taking place. A further attack took place around 11pm. In the violence that followed, 39 Christians were shot. The Church which lies about 100 metres away from the Al-Fatah Mosque, was carried out in cooperation with army units using armoured vehicles. Christians defending their church were rendered powerless because the army units kept shooting at them. The fire engine which tried to put out the fires was also attacked by armed soldiers. Reports indicate that those responsible are Muslim groups with the assistance of sections of the military. Bethlehem Church, a predominantly Chinese Christian congregation, is now under immediate threat. Thousands of people are fleeing to the mountains for protection while military-backed gangs burn the city. No-one feels safe. The military are shooting people in the streets as Ambon city is now a war zone. It’s a clash between Christians and Muslims but the issues are far more complex. The Indonesian military is actively backing Muslim newcomers as local people, who are predominantly Christian, are being forced to get out or be killed. Church leaders are pleading for the international community to put pressure on Indonesia to stop the violence in Ambon. Meanwhile, shooting continues in the streets while many homes are being destroyed. Those killed include women and children. Fears of a bloody Christmas in Ambon have been realised. People have grave fears about the future. In words that echoed similar pleas from Dili last September, the people cry "we need help!" "When will the world intervene to stop the violence and death in Ambon! Can Australia help? It’s our only hope. There is nothing we can do for tonight Ambon is dying". Please pray for the people of Ambon and especially remember those Christians who are being terrorised through a campaign of violence and intimidation. UPDATE ON AMBON SITUATION In a statement issued in Jakarta the Indonesian Communion of Churches (PGI) has demanded that international peacekeepers be placed in riot-torn Maluku province if Indonesian security forces are unable to stop the violence. At this moment, indications are that an all-out attack is being planned to burn the nearby Maranatha Protestant church as well, lending truth to the much-rumoured plan of Muslims to take over Ambon before the upcoming Idulfitri (end of Muslim fasting month) holiday (Jan. 8). If Maranatha can be overpowered, the main opposition from Christians on the island will have been broken. Over a thousand jihad fighters clad in white clothes from Leihitu district have already been transported by motorboats, under the very nose of naval security units who were supposed to prevent the amassing of Muslims in the area. The PGI expressed its "deepest concern" over what it claimed were escalating attacks on Christian congregations in Maluku province over the past two weeks. "The massive attacks against Christian congregations is a direct consequence of the lack of transparency in the handling of the conflict in Maluku by the Indonesian Military (TNI) and the Police Force," the PGI statement said. "If accountability is not undertaken, then, taking into consideration the continuing violence and heeding the people’s strong feelings, it would be best if Indonesian army and police forces were pulled out of Maluku and replaced with international peacekeepers. "We consider this conflict, which has been given a religious label, as an extermination of the indigenous Maluku people along with their social institutions to be replaced by another society whose form cannot yet be ascertained," said the statement signed by the PGI Chairman, and General Secretary. REQUEST FOR URGENT PRAYER Please alert all prayer partners to uphold Christians in Ambon before the Lord. The third phase of this religious-ethnic conflict began about a week ago. There are indications that the Moslem radical groups in Ambon are planning to take revenge on the local Christians and burn down the entire Christian quarters before the end of the current Ramadan, which will be on January 8-9, 2000. The plan is to destroy the Christian community like the Catholic capital of East Timor, Dilli, three months ago. CNN reports that the fight has turned ugly, as soldiers from various army and marine units are now disobeying their superiors and beginning to take sides, the Christian soldiers/marines supporting their Christian brothers pitted against Moslem soldiers who are siding with their fellow believers. Many Christians have already decided to leave their houses for fear of being shot at by the soldiers, and this will open many areas to attacks and further burnings. Snipers have been stationed in various strategic high rise buildings, and even the Chief of Police of Ambon was shot at when he drove by in his car. Armoured vehicles are also being used by the Moslem soldiers in this "unholy" war, whereas many civilians have been seen carrying grenades and using them effectively. -------------- >From owner-kabar-irian@irja.org Sat Jan 8 14:59:57 2000 X-Authentication-Warning: irja.org: Host cr408989-a.wlfdle1.on.wave.home.com [24.112.28.127] claimed to be soholanggen.zzzzzzz.com X-Sender: admin@irja.org Date: Sat, 08 Jan 2000 01:00:35 -0500 To: kabar-irian@irja.org From: Admin Subject: KABAR-IRIAN: Irian News - 1/7/00 Sender: owner-kabar-irian@irja.org Reply-To: admin@irja.org www.KABAR-IRIAN.com & www.IRJA.org For KI help or information see the end of this message Separatists from Indonesia's Irian to meet Wahid 03:10 a.m. Jan 07, 2000 Eastern JAKARTA, Jan 7 (Reuters) Separatist leaders from Indonesia's easternmost province of Irian Jaya are to meet President Abdurrahman Wahid in Jakarta, the official Antara news agency reported on Friday. They would include Theys Eluay and Thom Beanal, the head of a team of traditional leaders which last year asked former President B.J. Habibie for independence. Eluay left the provincial capital Jayapura on Thursday, said Antara, which gave no date for the meeting. Eluay was quoted as saying that the trip was in response to a summons made by Wahid during a new year visit to the restive province. He said he did not know what the president wanted to discuss with him. Separatists in the western half of New Guinea, known for years as Irian Jaya, are demanding outright independence from Indonesia. During his visit, Wahid proposed changing the name of the province to the indigenous name, Papua. He also said that while calls for independence would be tolerated, any attempt to actually break away from Indonesia would not be. Jakarta has offered the province wide-ranging autonomy in a bid to redress past human rights abuses but many in Irian Jaya want nothing short of independence. They argue that Dutch colonialists granted them self-rule in 1961, two years before the region was incorporated into Indonesia. -- Copyright 2000 Reuters Limited. ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Friday, 7 January, 2000, 10:52 GMT Analysis: Indonesia's fragile archipelago By former Jakarta correspondent Catherine Napier Indonesia's national motto is "Bhinneka tunggal" or "unity in diversity". It was coined by the leaders of the new Republic proclaimed in 1945 and the political challenge it reflects is as true today as it was more than 50 years ago. For although half a century of being part of an independent Indonesia has led to a strong sense of national identity across the more than 13,000 islands that make up the archipelago, there are many other forces still pulling the country apart. The declaration of independence followed a slow process of Dutch colonisation which began in the 17th century with the creation of the Dutch East India Company. It was spices which attracted European traders to a small collection of islands in what is now Eastern Indonesia. The Dutch monopolised the trade and from there expanded their influence - largely through indirect rule - across the collection of independent sultanates and principalities which made up the region then. Political unity under the Dutch was only achieved at the beginning of this century, leaving strong regional identities intact. Forging a national identity It was Indonesians themselves who were left to confront the problem of how to unify a country of more than 250 ethnic groups, whose experience of the Dutch varied from region to region. The war of independence against the Dutch, from 1945 to 1950, was of key importance in helping to forge a national identity, as was the post-colonial leadership under Sukarno and Hatta. Sukarno, who became the first president of the Republic, was a supreme nationalist. It was he who invented Indonesia's national ideology of Pancasila designed to promote tolerance amongst diverse religious and ideological groups. Preaching monotheism - belief in one god - and crucially Indonesian unity, it had few critics until later on when, under Indonesia's second President Suharto, Pancasila became a tool of state repression. The spread of a national language - Bahasa Indonesia - also helped unify a multi-lingual population. Intermarriage helped, internal migration helped. The consolidation of army power, the creation of internal security agencies and the general militarisation of society under President Suharto established a kind of order in which economic development flourished and challenges against the state were more or less doomed from the outset - until the economy collapsed and Suharto's rule with it. But antagonism between the central most heavily populated island of Java and the outlying regions continues to present the most serious political challenge to the government even today. After independence, President Sukarno faced a series of rebellions in the early 1950s led by disaffected army commanders and Islamic leaders. In 1950 a new - short lived - unitary constitution was adopted with a centralised administration in Jakarta. Although politically dominant, Java was dependant on income from exports from the resource-rich outer islands and the Javanese were accused of exploitation. This sort of grievance is still pulling Indonesia apart. Demands for independence Aceh is a case in point. A strongly Islamic area which fought a war against the Dutch, Aceh has also been in regular conflict with the leadership of independent Indonesia. Since the 1950s Aceh has been demanding greater autonomy, first supporting an Islamic rebellion against the state then later supporting an independence movement known as the Free Aceh Movement. Aceh was granted the status of a special region in 1959 but the reality of life within the Indonesian republic has not been to the liking of most of its population. Brutal counter-insurgency operations in the late 1980s and early 1990s alienated its inhabitants, further increasing support for the independence movement. Sukarno soon ran into trouble with the new Indonesian state. A seven year experiment with democracy ended in 1957 with Indonesian unity in crisis. Martial law was imposed and political life restricted, although in foreign policy Sukarno struck out as a fierce anti-colonialist and self-styled leader of an alliance of newly independent Afro-Asian states which later became the Non Aligned Movement. Clash of old and new These states supported Sukarno's claim to Irian Jaya which he secured from the Dutch in 1969 after a period under UN supervision. But for indigenous Papuans the history of the province since then has been a far from happy one. Treated as second class citizens, they have suffered the invasion of their tribal lands by developers and transmigrants while their natural resources are plundered for the benefit of Jakarta. Perhaps nowhere in Indonesia is the clash of the old and new so apparent as the siting of a state of the art gold and copper mine - Freeport Indonesia - in a mountainous area populated by near stone age tribes. President Suharto sent special combat troops to crush an independence movement - the Free Papua Organisation or OPM - but anti-Indonesian activity has increased in recent years and serious demands for independence have resurfaced. As in other disaffected areas of the republic, the collapse of the Suharto regime has led to unrealistic expectations of change and a promised "dialogue" on autonomy has been postponed. East Timor 'special case' The end of Indonesian rule in East Timor, a former Portuguese colony invaded by Indonesia in 1975 is likely to further fuel such expectations. Since its incorporation into the Republic, East Timor's majority Catholic population had been subjected to sustained repression by the Indonesian army determined to crush separatist sentiment at the cost of many thousands of lives. East Timor's vote for independence in a United Nations supervised ballot on autonomy has prompted real worries that other regions will be encouraged to to break away. But East Timor has been a special case in the sense that the United Nations never accepted the Indonesian annexation of 1976. Many Irianese feel they have an equally strong case for independence, but for other regions fed up with Jakarta it seems that at least part of the answer must lie in genuine decentralisation, a path the present interim government has already embarked upon. KABAR IRIAN ("Irian News") NOTE: "IRJA.org Inc., the moderator/s and subscribers do not neccessarily hold to or support the opinions and views expressed in these postings. They are posted for their news/interest content. " To unsubscribe send the message "unsubscribe Kabar-irian" (minus the "parenthesis") to majordomo@irja.org You can also un/subscribe at http://www.irja.org/conf.htm via a user friendly form. Need more help or information? mailto:x@irja.org (autoreply) or mailto:admin@irja.org To: kabar-irian@irja.org From: Admin Subject: [EN-request] [Fwd: Secola secola] Cc: Bcc: X-Attachments: >From: stanley gradziel > >Slamat Djalan, Seeking information - names amnd a addresses of >schools and libraries in Merauke. > Kacha Mata gradziel@bcn.ne.us > >To: kabar-irian@irja.org From: Editor/s Subject: Eastnet: Wiranto to leave military Cc: Bcc: X-Attachments: devil@lava.net (Chaumont Devin) From: "Boofhead" WIRE:01/25/2000 07:15:00 ET Indonesia's Wiranto to leave military -- source JAKARTA, Jan 25 (Reuters) - Indonesian President Abdurrahman Wahid has signed a decree retiring senior minister General Wiranto from the military in an attempt to cut off his power base, a senior military source told Reuters on Tuesday. The move would have no immediate impact on his position as Coordinating Minister for Politics and Security Affairs, but is symbolically important in a country where the military has traditionally had a major political role. "This letter was signed on Sunday. When it takes effect, that depends on Gus Dur himself as the highest commander of the armed forces," said the source, a senior officer at military headquarters, referring to Wahid by his nickname. "This is a demand of society, we cannot avoid it." Wiranto is former armed forces chief. The decree also effects the retirement from the armed forces of Mines and Energy Minister Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono, Transport Minister Agum Gumelar and Administrative Reform Minister Freddy Numberi, the source said. "This will mean Wiranto's influence within the military will be weakened," another senior military source said. "It could also possibly mean another step closer to Gus Dur wanting to relieve him of his position as coordinating minister." There has been speculation, denied by Wahid, that Wiranto may be dumped in a cabinet reshuffle as the president seeks to exert his power over a fractious military angry at moves to reduce its political power. The friction between Wahid and his generals has fuelled speculation of a coup attempt against the man elected just three months ago to unite Indonesia after two years of social and economic turmoil. Wahid and senior officers have denied the coup rumours. Wiranto has been accused of presiding over atrocities by his troops in East Timor and other parts of the troubled country and Wahid is under increasing pressure to take action. Under reforms Wiranto himself introduced in the face of public demands for the military to quit politics and go back to the barracks, serving personnel are required to resign from the armed forces if they were appointed to government jobs. However, neither he nor the other officers had yet done so. _____________________________________ To Join Eastnet, send an email to majordomo@cenderawasih.net saying "subscribe eastnet" or go to http://www.cenderawasih.net ("unsubscribe eastnet" if you wish to unsubscribe) Untuk berlangganan kirimlah e-mail dengan isi "subscribe eastnet" ke majordomo@cenderawasih.net atau pergi ke URL http://www.cenderawasih.net ("unsubscribe eastnet" untuk unsubscribe)